A Brief History of Iran from 1851 :: History

A Brief History of Iran from 1851Qajar Dynasty1851-1906 -- The Qajars (ruling family) lost central Asian provinces to the Russiansand were forced to give up all claims on Afghanistan to the British. These twoEuropean powers dominated Irans trade and manipulated its internal politics. TheQajars and influential members of their court were bribed to sell many valuableconcessions to the British, such as the Tobacco Concession which triggered amassive usual uprising.1906 -- Discontent with Qajar corruption and mismanagement led to theConstitutional Revolution and the establishment of Irans first parliament orMajles. The constitutional aspirations for a limited monarchy were never to be fullyrealized. Although Iran never became an actual colony of imperial powers, in 1907 itwas divided into two spheres of influence. The north was controlled by Russia andthe south and the east by Britain. By the completion of WW I, Iran was plunged into astate of political, social and economic chaos.1921 -- Reza caravansary, an officer in the army, staged a coup. Initially the minister ofwar and then the prime minister, in 1925 Reza Khan decided to become the Shahhimself. Although Reza Khans initial objective was to become the president of arepublic, the clergy, fearing a diminished role in a republic, persuaded him tobecome the Shah.Pahlavi Dynasty1925-1940 -- Reza Shah Pahlavis first antecedence was to strengthen the authority ofthe central government by creating a disciplined standing army and restraining theautonomy of the tribal chiefs. He embarked upon a series of modernizing and blase reforms, some of which were designed specifically to break the power ofthe clergy over Irans educational and judicial systems. He provided publiceducation, built Irans first modern university, opened the schools to women andbrought them into the forge force. He initiated Irans first industrializationprogram and dramatically improved Irans infrastructure by building numerousroads, bridges, stat e-owned factories and Irans first transnational railroad track. In1935, he officially requested all foreign governments to no longer refer to Iran asPersia, but as Iran. (The Iranian people themselves had always referred to theircountry as Iran.) Politically, however, Reza Shah forcibly abolished the wearing ofthe veil, took away the effective power of the Majles and did not permit any formsof free speech. With the outbreak of WW II, Reza Shah, wanting to remainneutral, refused to side with the Allies.1941 -- In need of the Trans-Iranian railway to supply the Soviets with wartimematerials, the Allies invaded and occupied Iran for the duration of the war. RezaShah was forced to abdicate in favor of his son Mohammad Reza Pahlavi and died in

The Country of Pointed Firs Essay -- Literary Analysis

The Country of Pointed Firs transcends the boundaries of a traditional story in attempt to grasp the realism of the country embellish in a more(prenominal) generous form. The book contains little to no drama, but instead focuses on description of dialect, landscape, and gesture. The narrator meditates upon the unchanged time of Dunnet Landing to describe the quality of landscape and permanence in scenes of country life. Her trip serves as a revaluation of continuancea fixed pattern of social order and existence within the village community. Furthermore, the narrators outsider perspective justifies the practice of defining characters in external conditions. The Country of Pointed Firs is written in local food colour containing character portraits and genre scenes. topical anaesthetic color, in a signified, is a miniature form of literature in which the writer works with anecdote and caricature. Incidentally humor derives from occurrences of real life. The local color form is app ropriate to the nature of the narrators experience of country life in Dunnet Landing. Jewetts art of perspective informs her pictorial style with a deeply refined sense of texture. The reader is made to feel the narrators final judgments in the closing chapter of The Backward View, which states an end of the narrators return to Dunnet Landing. The concluding scene is a moment of farewell in the midst of the narrator and Dunnet Landing as she stands at the crossing of two pathsthe village life and the city to which she must return. The narrator sits upon a hill and oversees her surroundings, closely discover Mrs. Todd whose distant figure looked mateless and appealing (129). Mrs. Todds attitude of sorrow and isolation reveals deeper insights into her character. Though Mrs. Todd earlier ... ...n Mrs. Todd came back and found her lodger gone. So we die in the first place our own eyes so we see some chapters of our lives come to their natural end (129). The closed and quiet summer o f village life has come to a swift end. The narrator departs as the tide sets in, leaving Dunnet Landing in its air of isolated stillness. The narrators precise observations allow the reader to find insight in small moments of village life. Jewett presents a world seemingly unchanged with a mixture of remoteness and a childish certainty of being the center of elegance (1). The narrators nostalgic recount of village life has about it the mood of a dream, a life remembered and not put down until long afterwards. Jewetts pictorial conventions name a feeling of impermanence akin to nostalgia assembled into long, gracefully rambled sentences authenticating her own regional style.

Essay --

One of the central pillars of American history and idealism is the concept of bare destiny. Which according to the Random House Dictionary is the 19th century belief and doctrine of the United States, that it was their God given destiny to expand its territory over North America, thereby enhancing their sovereignty and increasing their political, economic and social influence on the world stage. This term was not created until later in the century, post Lewis and Clark expedition. However it was most certainly one of the main goals of the expedition. Lewis and Clark were not the first group of white men to explore areas of the west, though none were quite as influential or as important to supporting manifest destiny. However these two explorers, Lewis and Clark not only supported manifest density, they also made significant contributions to scientific and cartographical knowledge of the western frontier. Their voyage crossways the United States stands out from other explorations of the west, due to the numerous journals that Lewis and Clark as well as their expedition team wrote in, almost every day. These journals represent first flip over records of everything they encountered, thus preserving their journey for hundreds of years to come and allowing for their additions to the scientific community of the United States to be preserved.When Thomas Jefferson was elected as the third President of the United States in 1801, the majority of the population lived within a fifty-mile radius of the Atlantic Ocean, very little was known about the west. Though what was known was grossly outdated randomness from the French traders as well as British and Spanish explores in the earlier centuries. Jefferson was a vast believer and suppor... ... as set out by President Jefferson there were many. Not only did they alter the face of this rapidly changing country and its imperial struggle for control over North America, much specifically the Pacific Northwest and the L ouisiana Territory. It greatly strengthened the United States claims in these areas through numerous peaceful encounters with the indigenous peoples and tribes, which allowed for increased interest in the American commercial front, which was the fur trade. Their expedition also led to an increase in various explorations and exploitations in the direction of the West. The duo also made incredulous advancements in the geographic and topographical knowledge of the Upper Missouri, producing various maps as well as notes on the areas they traversed. Which would kick start the net centuries great migration of American people in to the west.

The Colliding Dynamics of Class Structure Essay -- Sociology

The rigidity of class structure is the culprit for the vast number of inequities in auberge. Power is concentrated in the hands of a scurvy sector leaving a few individuals to perk up more authority and influence, in comparison to others. The construction of class structure identifies the way groups are dual-lane into social state of affairss. Differences stemming from social position are further exemplified by the accessibility to valuable resourcessuch as wealth, education, occupation, and status. Those with distinguished command in society have access to these increasingly wide ranges of resources, which may be present in limited forms to the less powerful. Used as a device of supremacy, power is a style of control when the basis is acquiring these societal possessions. Even though class structure is considered to be fluid in nature, for some it is a difficult web of entanglements hard to deal with it. Groups who suffer from social and material deprivations are not doing so by choice, but hugely in part to stinting and occupational factors. These prominent distinctions have led several to fall victim to the systems of hierarchy. Built within these schemes are the inequalities that arise due to ones position and captured inside are the outcomes that influence levels of individual, educational, and occupational independence. People who do observe the inequities between classes may feel the impact of social stratification in respective(a) ways. Similarly the dynamics of class structure are very significant elements found throughout the works of Virginia Woolf, George Orwell, and Karl Marx. They are all in agreement that society host the series of conflicts underlying that of class structure. Class structure as a whole denotes differing realit... ...ist Feminism. Critical Sociology (Brill Academic Publishers) 25.2/3 (1999) 196-217. Academic Search Complete. Web. 19 Mar. 2012. Marx, Karl, and Frederick Engels. Marx/Engels Selected Works, Vol. One. Moscow. Progress Publishers, 1969, N. pag. http//www.marxists.org/archive/marx/works/1848/communist-manifesto/index.htm. Web. 23 Apr. 2012.Orwell, George. Shooting an Elephant. The Seagull Reader Essays. 2nd Edition. Ed. Joseph Kelly. New York. W. W. Norton & Company, Inc, 2008. 243-250. Print. Peet, Richard. Inequality and Poverty A Marxist-Geographic Theory. Annals of the joining of American Geographers 65.4 (1975) 564-571. Academic Search Complete. Web. 19 Mar. 2012.Woolf, Virginia. A Room of Ones Own. New York. Quality Paperback take hold Club, 1992. Print.Woolf, Virginia. Three Guineas. New York. Quality Paperback Book Club, 1992. Print.

Metasizing Cancer Cells Essay -- Biology

The human body encompasses some thirty trillion cells. The cells which comprise normal, healthy tissues in the body live in an interdependent relationship with touch cells. These tissues are intricately arranged into a marvelous array of cell to cell adhesions and extracellular matrixes. Healthy cells reproduce in a coordinated flair which insures that a particular body tissue maintains its appropriate size, form, and function. Cells which have lost the tycoon to reproduce in a controlled fashion are termed cancerous cells. genus cancer cells proliferate uncontrollably forming tumors causing disruption in the normal form and function of body tissues. The most dangerous of the cancer cells are those that can metastasize, which is the ability of the cell to migrate from the original or primary tumor site to a removed(p) site where they establish secondary tumors. This is what makes metastasizing cancer cells so lethal and distinguishes a malignant cancer from a non-malignant can cer.Migrating genus Cancer Cell in vitroIn order to accomplish such a migration, the malignant cells need to depart through a series of steps which include 1. detachment from the primary tumor mass 2. degradation of the basement membrane 3. migration to and invasion of a near blood or lymphatic vessel 4. survival within the blood or lymph system 5. attachment to the wall of the vessel at some distant site 6. penetration of the vessel wall and exiting of the vessel 7. migration to a site where a secondary tumor is established.The Role of Anchorage Dependence in MetastasisThe mechanisms gnarled in the survival of a cell detached from the extracellular matrix are of great interest. Normal cells are anchorage dependent and... ...f mitastasis. This is primarily collect the circulatory systems architecture. After cancer cells from the skin or other tissues find their way to the blood stream, they migrate downstream to the first capillary bed. For most organs, the lungs tick off the first capillary bed downstream which enables the cancer to lodge in small blood vessels proliferate there.Prostate Cancer and its EffectsProstate Cancer often spreads to the bones. But unlike melanoma which becomes physically traped in the blood vessels, prostate cancer also seeks out a definitive adhesion particle located on the stromal cell of the bone. The prostate cancer has a receptor which only recognizes this molecule, so will only adhere to this particular one.Colorectal Cancer and its EffectsColorectal cancer typically metastasize to the liver due to the intestines sending their blood here first.

Metasizing Cancer Cells Essay -- Biology

The human body encompasses some thirty trillion cells. The cells which comprise normal, healthy tissues in the body live in an interdependent relationship with environ cells. These tissues are intricately arranged into a marvelous array of cell to cell adhesions and extracellular matrixes. Healthy cells reproduce in a coordinated look which insures that a particular body tissue maintains its appropriate size, form, and function. Cells which have lost the skill to reproduce in a controlled fashion are termed cancerous cells. crabby person cells proliferate uncontrollably forming tumors causing disruption in the normal form and function of body tissues. The most dangerous of the cancer cells are those that can metastasize, which is the ability of the cell to migrate from the original or primary tumor site to a foreign site where they establish secondary tumors. This is what makes metastasizing cancer cells so lethal and distinguishes a malignant cancer from a non-malignant cancer .Migrating malignant neoplastic disease Cell in vitroIn order to accomplish such a migration, the malignant cells need to pass on through a series of steps which include 1. detachment from the primary tumor mass 2. degradation of the basement membrane 3. migration to and invasion of a nearby blood or lymphatic vessel 4. survival within the blood or lymph system 5. attachment to the wall of the vessel at some distant site 6. penetration of the vessel wall and exiting of the vessel 7. migration to a site where a secondary tumor is established.The Role of Anchorage Dependence in MetastasisThe mechanisms snarled in the survival of a cell detached from the extracellular matrix are of great interest. Normal cells are anchorage dependent and... ...f mitastasis. This is primarily due the circulatory systems architecture. After cancer cells from the skin or other tissues find their way to the blood stream, they migrate downstream to the first capillary bed. For most organs, the lungs make up the first capillary bed downstream which enables the cancer to lodge in small blood vessels proliferate there.Prostate pubic louse and its EffectsProstate Cancer often spreads to the bones. But unlike melanoma which becomes physically traped in the blood vessels, prostate cancer also seeks out a definitive adhesion pinch located on the stromal cell of the bone. The prostate cancer has a receptor which only recognizes this molecule, so will only adhere to this particular one.Colorectal Cancer and its EffectsColorectal cancer typically metastasize to the liver due to the intestines sending their blood here first.

Computer Graphics and Visualization

visualisation is any technique for creating images, diagrams, or animations to communicate a message. Visualization through visual imagery has been an effective way to communicate both abstract and concrete ideas since the dawn of man. Examples from history include cave paintings, Egyptian hieroglyphs, Hellenic geometry, and Leonardo da Vincis revolutionary methods of technical drawing for engineering and scientific purposes. Visualization today has ever-expanding applications in science, education, engineering (e. g. roduct visual percept), interactive multimedia, medicine, etc.Typical of a visualization application is the field of computer graphics. The purpose of computer graphics may be the most important development in visualization since the invention of central perspective in the Renaissance period. The development of animation also helped advance visualization The use of visualization to present information is not a new phenomenon. It has been used in represents, scientif ic drawings, and data plots for over a thousand years.Examples from cartography include Ptolemys Geographia (2nd Century AD), a map of China (1137 AD), and Minards map (1861) of Napoleons invasion of Russia half a century earlier. Most of the concepts learned in devising these images carry over in a straight forward carriage to computer visualization. Edward Tufte has written two critically acclaimed books that explain many of these principles. Computer graphics has from its beginning been used to study scientific problems. However, in its early eld the lack of graphics power often limited its usefulness.The recent emphasis on visualization started in 1987 with the special issue of Computer Graphics on Visualization in Scientific Computing. Since then there have been several conferences and workshops, co-sponsored by the IEEE Computer Society and ACM SIGGRAPH, devoted to the general topic, and special areas in the field, for use volume visualization. Most people are familiar wit h the digital animations produced to present meteorological data during weather reports on television, though few can give away between those models of reality and the satellite photos that are also shown on such programs.TV also offers scientific visualizations when it shows computer drawn and animated reconstructions of road or airplane accidents. Some of the most popular examples of scientific visualizations are computer-generated images that show real spacecraft in action, out in the void far beyond Earth, or on other planets. Dynamic forms of visualization, such as educational animation or timelines, have the potential to enhance learning about systems that qualify over time.Apart from the distinction between interactive visualizations and animation, the most useful categorization is probably between abstract and model-based scientific visualizations. The abstract visualizations show whole conceptual constructs in 2D or 3D. These generated shapes are completely arbitrary. Th e model-based visualizations either place overlays of data on real or digitally constructed images of reality, or they garner a digital construction of a real object directly from the scientific data. Scientific visualization is usually done with specialized software, though there are a few exceptions, noted below.Some of these specialized programs have been released as Open source software, having very often its origins in universities, within an donnish environment where sharing software tools and giving access to the source code is common. There are also many proprietary software packages of scientific visualization tools. Models and frameworks for building visualizations include the data flow models popularized by systems such as AVS, IRIS Explorer, and VTK toolkit, and data state models in spreadsheet systems such as the Spreadsheet for Visualization and Spreadsheet for Images

Our Toughest Struggles in Life Can Be with Ourselves Essay

In our life, struggles are everywhere. If we want to be successful, we will have to sift hard. Just as an old Chinese saying goes, There wont be the fragrance of calyx canthus if the flower doesnt go through the chilli pepper winter. Only after we undergo different kinds of hardships, can we achieve what we aim at. Therefore, we must get ready to face the toughest struggles and try to deal with any ups and downs sedately and bravely.When I was a little boy, I always dreamed of getting a nice toy like the one my friend Henry had. sensation day, I told my mother about that, hoping she would buy me one. However, she just ignored my idea, encouraging me to save money and buy one for myself. At first, I was so cross and frustrated that I got very angry with her. Later, I calmed down and thought what she suggested might as well be a good way to carry out my wish. So I spared every cent I could in my daily life until finally one year later I accumulated toler commensurate coins and go t that fancy stuff. During that year, I overcame numerous difficulties like killing the desires of buying candies, pulling myself back from snack bars, restraining myself from watching excessively many movies, etc. It was really too much for a ten-year boy. Nevertheless, my mother was right I achieved what I had always wished for and trained myself the ability to handle any tough struggles in my later life. two years ago when I first came here, I encountered another unimaginable problem in my life I understood little in year just because of my poor English. I was depressed and sighed in despair all the time. It was my mother and teachers who inspired me and gave me a lot of encouragement. They told me that difficulty was everywhere and it could accompany anybody anytime. As long as we got ready and took actions, nothing was impossible. From then on, I got up early every day to practice speaking English, listening to English and tuition English. Besides, whenever I was free, I w ent to various markets to practice speaking English with native speakers. Success always shows appreciation for those who make great efforts. Nowadays, I am able to understand most of the lessons in class and express myself in English most of the time in my daily life.What I get from my own stick is that life is not always filled withflowers and easiness. The road of our life is made up of struggles and success. How successful we are depends on how much endeavor we are automatic to undertake. Accordingly, we need to prepare for any toughest struggles in life as they can come up anytime.

Argumentative text about education at home Essay

Education entertains school, classrooms and annoying teachers- for me. But it does not mean this any more. There is an increasing number of parents now who teaches their children at home.Education at home has advantages and disadvantages. One advantage is that children can field of take apart flexible. Their parents can agree them a different timetable every day to make studying more interesting. Secondly the children wont be affected by criminal classmates and wouldnt learn bad things.But there are disadvantages too. First of all, children could finally feel lonely if they study at home every day. At school, they would study together and have fun in the break with other students. Thats an easy way for children to find friends. However, studying at home with their parents, children may large(p) find a friend.see moreparagraph writing on my schoolSecondly, children might find it difficult to work with others, because theyre used to study or work alone. But sometimes you have to w ork with colleagues as a group in your job. But if you have problems with team members, you could lose your job.Finally, children could be worse in their study, comparing with children who have classes at school. Their parents can not give a guarantee, the quality of education of their children. Sure, there are many flock who graduated from university but that does not mean that they are good teachers. In addition, parents also have to focus on their work, which means they cant pretermit all day with the education of their children.In conclusion, children can learn more and have a lot of friends when they go to school. Furthermore, children can also easily exact with a team work. Therefor parents shouldnt assume a huge responsibility to teach their children at home.

Facebook Versus Friendster and Myspace

Stealing Success & Leaving the Un winning Behind Facebook Facebook, whiz of the most successful tender net ploughing sites up to date, has 500,000,000-substance abusers. Facebook found phenomenal success through the mistakes and bulge outfall of fellow competitors, Friendster and MySpace. However, was Facebooks success due to the downfall of its predecessors? In this paper, we will dispute what makes a affectionate networking website successful, and reveal what Facebook did and what other social networking websites such as Friendster and MySpace, did not do.There be certain properties that will be highlighted later on in the paper that will distinguish the successful social networking websites such as Facebook from the unsuccessful, such as Friendster and MySpace. Social networking websites have five main characteristics. First, social networking websites atomic number 18 user-based where they are built and directed by users themselves. Second, social networking websites are i nteractive, meaning that they are not just a collection of chat rooms and forums anymore. much(prenominal) websites are filled with network-based gaming applications, allowing individuals to play with single another online.Third, social networking websites are community-driven allowing members to join a group where they all hold common beliefs or hobbies. People are commensurate to find sub-communities of state who share commonalities, such as alumni of a de tellicular high school, or part of a humanity organization, or who are just interested in the same things. Fourth, unlike other websites, social networks thrive on relationships. It allows hoi polloi to build connections, links to one another and allows people to establish themselves toward the center of a network.These websites are also another way for individuals to discover invigorated friends, except it also allows them to reconnect with old friends baffled along the way, allowing them access to possible friendship s out there. The last characteristic of social networks is the emotional factor. While websites are usually designed with the primary function of providing education to the visitor, social networks provide users with emotional security and a sense that no matter what happens, their friends are within reach. To start off, lets beg the chief of what exactly went wrong with Friendster? There isnt a single reason that explains why Friendster failed, precisely merely actions Friendster did not take to secure their position as the number one social networking website. First, the more popular Friendster became, the longer it took to load the webpage, sometimes taking as long as 40 seconds. Such proficient problems were not issues that could not be solved however, they felt that such technical difficulties proved too pedestrian for them.Instead of spending hours fixing such problems, the police squad of Friendster dedicate most of its time talking almost future investors, potential c ompetitors and new features that would give Friendster a distinct look. They focused more on the future or rather than the problems of the present they cute to run before they could even walk. Secondly, Friendster was a unopen system that allowed users to only view the profiles of those on a relatively condensed chain of acquaintances.As a dating website, it was imperative to be able to find people whom may be suitable for you, nevertheless if the viewing of their profile was limited, thus the possibility of finding a possible date would be much lower than if Friendster took on a open system approach. As mentioned, most of the problems Friendster approach were technical, but it was their decision to only focus on the next big thing, rather than the simple mechanics that made Friendster possible in the first place.If the team had solved these minor problems, Friendster today could still be a leading social networking website, and possibly have prevented MySpace and/or Facebook from emerging. On these accounts, Friendster is an example of an unsuccessful social networking website. Next, MySpace saw phenomenal traffics growth starting in early 2004 and it continued all the way to 2007 even as Facebook entered the scene, but what happened along the way? confusable to Friendster, MySpace faced several technical problems.Firstly, MySpace pages are designed mostly by individuals with little HTML experience make HTML code to be rarely met leading to accessibility problems for users and freezing up web browsers. Secondly, security is another major problems. There are advertisements that provide links to fake login screens tricking users into entering their information, allowing people access to their page. Another security issue would be of our individualised information. There is no screen setting therefore f anyone wants to know more about an individual, there are no restrictions on the amount of information they could attain on the individual via MySpace. Lastly, MySpace lost to Facebook simply because there is no sense of retirement with MySpace. MySpace took an opposite approach from Friendster, allowing everyone and anyone to see their profile. Any individual keen on viewing a certain page would be given access whether or not the owner approved or not, rendering owners of MySpace account vulnerable to outside criticism and viewing.The open system caused a lot of security and personal issues creating stalking incidents, violent fights, and gate crashing of parties. These problems were due to the fact that anyone had access to peoples MySpace page, and nothing could be done to prevent limited viewership. Unlike Friendster, MySpace was able to see more success, however, that success was short-lived. And similarly to Friendster, MySpace did not respond to requests to fix their problems, causing them to fall into the category of an unsuccessful social networking website.First Friendster, second MySpace, and lastly Facebook? What make s Facebook a fad, and why has it survived longer than its predecessors? A normal routine for a majority of the population would be, wake up, check facebook, go to school/work, check facebook again, do work/listen to lecture while checking facebook, and then go home and check facebook once again. On average, its been found that people check their Facebook an average of 4 to 5 times a day. There are many reasons why Facebook is so successful, and why Friendster and MySpace failed to see the kind of success Facebook is seeing today.In the next part of the paper, we will see how Facebook overcame the problems Friendster and MySpace encountered, turning what could have been unsuccessful into something immensely successful. As mentioned previously, Friendster and Myspace encountered issues such as technical problems such as the webpage taking up to 40 seconds to load or where it would sometime just fail to load altogether, and additionally, that Friendster was a closed system. Facebook kn ew these reasons and made sure these were not to be problems.Mark Zuckerberg states, if the website is even down for a few minutes, people will leave. As such, till this day, users around the world have not seen Facebook down. Admittedly, there still are a few gauzy technical problems, but users never had to wait more than 10 seconds for a page to load, and if there were problems, they were fixed shortly after. Having downtime would mean that the rate of infection for social networking sites would decrease causing less people to firstly know about the website, and secondly, to be able to spread the infection even further.This was a problem that caused the speedy reduction usage rate for Friendster because not only did the rate of infection die down, but also people just simply got annoyed causing the susceptibility of new individuals rather low. Therefore, Facebook made sure there was no downtime and in doing so not only made the rate of infection high, but satisfied million users worldwide causing many to be amenable to the idea of being part of the new fad, Facebook. Next, Facebook did not enforce a closed or open system policy.Instead, they allowed users to choose whether they wanted their page visible to people, and allowed users to adjust their security settings. It gave people an option to reveal as much or as little information about themselves, and allowed people to choose who to allow access to their information. This system not only solved Friendsters closed system, but at the same time, MySpaces open system and privacy problems. Security was never a real issue for Facebook until they started allowing more applications to be a part of the system.Inevitably, people created software that stole users sensitive information. However, shortly after, Facebook reacted by introducing new technology to limit the security breach. Facebook developer Mike Vernal stated, We take user privacy seriously. We are dedicated to protecting private user data. Shortly after the incident, Facebook rendered all applications that broke such security inactive. Lastly, as with all companies, talent is a major issue.We back end talk about how user friendly, or how the technical bits are better in Facebook when compared to Friendster or MySpace, but the truth is that it all boils down to who is in charge. Facebook brought in better viral experts, more efficient programmers, stronger usability coders, more influential public relations teams and faster HR Personal. For instance, Facebook recruited Sheryl Sandberg, the head of sales at Google, Jonathan Helliger, the former engineering head at Walmart, for former CFO and VP of Genetech and Elliot Schrage, the former PR head at Google.After talking about the properties that made Facebook successful, Id like to talk about the receptivity of Facebook and how it responded to the population because a population can only go crazy for a fad if people are receptive of it. First, we will look at Friendster and how the population responded to it and what made Friendster successful at times. In 2002, Friendster was originally created as a dating website, four years later, Friendster was changed to cater to young teenagers. In 2006, Friendster became very popular in the Philippines because of their games and fun applications that were marketed.Along with that, Friendster started incorporating advertisements on their websites, but more importantly, advertisements that had to do with games. Second, MySpace became popular because it was a means to encounter about what was happening to others, keep track of the whereabouts of friends and celebrities and to create and attend parties, all on one page. MySpace was not just a blog, but it was an area for friends to foregather and communicate with one another. Next we will see how Facebook made use of Friendster and MySpaces strengths, turning it into their success.Facebook made use of the successes of both Friendster and MySpace, and combined everyth ing that was successful into one platform. Friendster and MySpace were both marketed differently to different kinds of people, and because of this, Facebook knew how to make people more receptive to this new social networking site. Facebook did not just want to target people who wanted to find new friends or dates, or people who wanted to communicate with friends and keep in contact, or simply play games- Facebook wanted it all.And that was exactly what Facebook did, ensuring that people who joined would get the benefits from both Friendster and MySpace altogether. In doing this, Facebook made their website more appealing to a larger population, allowing two things to happen. First, by increasing the number of things an individual can do on the website would make more people susceptible to wanting to be a part of it. Second, a larger population being susceptible would eventually mean a faster rate of infection causing more people to join and be a part of the increasing fad. Facebook was the new generation social etworking website that incorporated all the successful elements of its predecessors, and neglected all the unsuccessful elements. In conclusion, we have established that Facebook has attained a successful attitude due to its 500,000,000 users worldwide. Facebook is successful because of two main reasons. First, the failures of Friendster and MySpace gave Facebook an opening into the market and the opportunity to fix those mistakes caused by the two. Second, Facebook fed off the successes of both Friendster and MySpace, incorporating all the ideas into one website.Therefore, to be successful one must remember to firstly attend to the problems at hand, secondly, find out what makes things work, and lastly, make sure the population is receptive. With this, Facebook not only overtook its predecessors, but conquered their failures, and fed off their successes, becoming the number one social networking website of all time. Citations Chung, J. (2010) How Fac ebook won the battle of the social networks. Innoblog. Retrieved from http//www. innosight. com/blog/564-how-facebook-won-the-battle-of-the-social-networks. tml Dykes, B. (2010) Another day, another instance of Facebook breaching user privacy. Yahoo News. Retrieved from http//news. yahoo. com/s/yblog_upshot/20101018/tc_yblog_upshot/another-day-another-instance-of-facebook-breaching-user-privacy Gary, R. (2006). Wall Flower at the Web Party. The New York Times. Retrieved from http//www. nytimes. com/2006/10/15/business/yourmoney/15friend. html? pagewanted=all Rdube. (2010). Characteristics of Social Networks. Retrieved from http//socialnetworking. lovetoknow. com/Characteristics_of_Social_Networks

Rationalist Vs. Romantics Essay

Writers during the Revolution were classified as either positivist or romantic. but whether they were classified as positivist or romantic depended on their manner of composing. Positivist and romantic generators wrote smiliarly utilizing the same techniques. but they besides were different from each other.A positivist writer during this clip period was Patrick henry. In the Virginia Convention of 1775. Henry stood up and gave a address. Its topic was about Independence that they need from Great Britain. Henry believe that No adult male thinks more extremely than I do of the patriotidsm. every bit good as the abilites. of the really worthy gentlemen who have merely communicate the House ( 1. 1 ) . Henry is stating that their nationalism is the feeling they need so they can interrupt away from England. One of the sentence structure that Henry uses is an Anaphora. Henry repeats the word battle twice in the 4th paragraph. and correspondence is besides utilise in the transition.In t he 4th parapraph. the writer uses period sentence. If we wish to be free-if we mean to continue inviolate those incomputable privileges for which we have been so long divvy uping-if we mean non meanly to abandon the baronial battle in which we have been so long engaged. and which we have pledged ourselves neer to abandon until glorious object of our contest shall be obtained. we must contend I repeat it. sir. we must contend An entreaty to weaponries and to the God of Hosts is all that is left of us ( 4. 22 ) . Rhetorical schemes are what Henry uses to do his address more effectual. Arguementation is used throughout paragraph 4. by inquiring rhetorical inquiries such as Shall we gather strength by indecision and inaction ( 5. 6 ) . Appastion is used in paragraph 6 with Gentlemen may shout peace. peace-but there is no peace ( 6. 2 ) .A romantic writer of this clip period was Ralph Waldo Emersons From Nature. Emerson uses figures of address such as supposition. He says. But every da rk come out these minister plenipotentiaries of beauty. and light the existence with their admonishing smile ( 1. 8 ) . Another illustration of imagination is. The flowers. the animate beings. the mountains. reflected al the wisdome of his best hr. as muchas they had delighted the simpleness of his childhood ( 2. 5 ) . A similie was a figure of address in paragraph 4. In the forests excessively. a adult male casts off his old ages. as the bite his gangrene. and at what period soever of life. is ever a child ( 4. 14 ) . Cause and impression was used in Emersons transition Then. there is a sort of disdain of the landscape felt by him who has merely lost by hold out a beloved friend ( 7. 6 ) .Both of the writers have similarities between the manners of authorship.They both contained the syntax elements to do their address and transition powerful. They were both considered to be Rebels. because of their actions towards regulations and or Torahs.The difference between these writers. i s the fact that Henry was really passionate about nationalism and how America needs to contend Britain to be free from their regulation. Emerson writes about nature and how nature is beautiful. and relates to adult male. Emerson wasnt involved with any of the rationalist actions against the British.In Conclusion. Henry and Emerson manners of composing were similar anddifferent. Those both contained cardinal elements of literature. while they used different words and phrases.

Jet Blue Airways Case Study

Crafting and Executing Strategy Jet Blue Airways case study In 2008 businesses began to cut back on employee travel, and consumers time-tested to save money and used stay-cations instead of vacations, during a summer the U. S. economy slowed and oil prices rose jet fuel prices went through the roof as a result. to offset the higher fuel costs, respiratory tracts began increasing revenues by means such as fuel surcharges, charges for the first checked bag, charging for blankets, pillows, and headphones, and finally lowering wages and groundwork airplanes.Some airlines didnt survive, some decided to form a merger to try to buoy the rising costs. Beyond cost, there was the prospect of increasing competition, shortages in pilots, fast schools lacked instructors, and labor costs. Some companies as a result of the impact of these new changes employed a new tactic of their own large airlines would steal pilots from littler companies, luring them with better pay and benefits. JetBlues st rategy was to be a company that would combine the low provenders of a bank discount airline carrier with the comforts corresponding to a den in peoples homes.Passengers could save money while they ate gourmet snacks, sat in leather seats, and watched television. The goal overall, was to lend humanity back to air travel. 3. Discuss Jet Blues financial objectives and whether or not the company has been successful in achieving these objectives. JetBlue was a discount airline carrier, offering passengers low fares, point to point systems, and maintained quick turnaround times at airports. Its operating costs were low, especially in equality to other major airlines.The companys turnaround time was 20-30 minutes, because they did not serve meals, meaning they did not have to wait for catering service race attendants stowed carry-on bags in overhead bins, and everyone on staff helped to throw away the trash after each flight. The companys organizational culture was a dependable one, and it achieved extraordinary results by implementing five maltreats defining the company values, hire employees that mirrored company values, exceed employee xpectations, listen to customers, and nominate the organizational culture. First step defining the companys values safety, caring, integrity, fun and passion. These values guided the decision making process for employees. Safety was a number one priority, and to screening their commitment to safety, JetBlue teamed up with Medaire Inc. , so that crew members could immediately consult with land based physicians anytime a passenger fell ill it was also the first airline to install Kevlar cockpit doors and surveillance cameras.Step two was to hire employees that mirrored the companys values. During the hiring process, JetBlue wanted to hear that a candidate had done something special for someone else. The triad and fourth steps involved ensuring that the company continued to exceed employee expectations and to ensure that it listened to its customers. The final step in creating the companys organizational culture was to create a culture of excellence the company had to continually improve its services and set itself apart from its competitors.Jet Blues strategies for 2008 and beyond included following some(prenominal) new strategies To reevaluate the ways the company was using its assets, reduce capacity and cut costs, raise fares and grow in select markets, offer improved services for corporations and business travelers, form strategic partnerships, and increase ancillary revenues. (Thompson, Jr. , Strickland, III. , Gamble, 2010). During the deployment of these strategies, Jet Blue further laid out their plans.To reduce capacity and cut costs, JetBlue agree to sell nine used Airbus A320s in 2008, which netted a cash gain of $100 million. The company delayed the delivery of 21 new Airbus A320s, which were plan for 2009-2011, to 2014 and 2015. This allowed JetBlue to put off payment for the airplanes, and save on operating expenses. (Thompson, Jr. , et al C-72). The company suspended service in and out of several states, and turned plans for service between Los Angeles International Airport and Boston and New York.Doing so helped save money on fuel expenses. JetBlue started to employ their plan to grow in selective markets, and raise its fares. In March 2008, JetBlue announced that Orlando would become a focus city, and that it would open service between Orlando and Cancun, Mexico, as well as Orlando and Santo Domingo, friar preacher Republic. This would become tentatively approved to be Orlandos only service to South America. Also in March 2008, JetBlues average one-way fare reached a high of $138.This was still very competitive with other airline carriers. According to the U. S. Department of Transportation, the average domestic fare in 2007 was $331. JetBlue made efforts to entreaty to business travelers by introducing refundable fares, and allowed corporate meeting planners to receive meeting specific discounts as well as a complimentary travel certificate for every 40 customers booked to the same event destination. The company entered into a five-year agreement with Expedia Inc. to reach leisure travelers.The goal of forming strategic partnerships was achieved when it developed an agreement with Aer Lingus that let passengers use up a single reservation between Ireland and 40 different destinations in the U. S, via JetBlues hub John F Kennedy international airport. It also developed a selling partnership with the Massachusetts based Cape Air, so passengers could transfer between the two carriers to get to places such as Hyannis, Nantucket, and Marthas Vineyard. References http//www. flightglobal. com/news/articles/interview-jetblue-chief-executive-dave-barger-345289/

George

Both cases had resulted in the growing number of third parties which contain a legal right to sue auditor for negligence. In other word, auditors liability to third parties has Increased. The defendants had altogether relied on the accounts In taking and calculating the price of shares in the knitwear company. In the case of doubting Thomas Ltd. , ?56,100 in the case of Goode, E,500 and, in the case of Gordon, El ,500. Thomas contain purchased 16,000 ordinary shares in Kinkier in November 1973 which shares were erstwhile held by a Mr. Saurian, a director of Kinkier. That purchase was at E10 per share.In addition Thomas purchased a fresh Issue of Kinkier shares, namely 15,000 at El 50 per share. It Is pleaded for all three pursuers that in making these purchases they relied upon balance sheets and accounts prepared and audited by the defenders. Thomas, they also plead that they relied upon advice given by Mr. central processor at meetings held prior to the conclusion of the agree ment to purchase the 31,000 shares. It is verbalize that the audited accounts prepared by the defenders for years prior to 1975 had been extremely misleading and inaccurate. Mr. Mainframe, acted negligently and Incompetently In the preparation and auditing of Skinners accounts.Instead of trading profitably the tell Kinkier Knitwear Limited had in fact been trading at a loss two before and after the purchase of the said shares, figures which were of particular significance to Thomas were those of the trading profits and losses. This failure was, in my view, because of slack and careless auditing methods. The pursuers averred-?The defenders in all failed to make any check on the said Kinkier Knitwear Limiters system of tock control or the basis of paygrade of the stock. As a result the stock figures provided In said accounts were seriously Inaccurate. For some years the defenders had failed to book out normal checks of credit and debit balances. The defenders had completely fai led to make provision in said accounts for a doubtful debt reserve which they ought to have through. They failed to carry out the normal checks to establish that debts stated by the play along to be due were in fact due as any competent auditors would have done before certifying the said accounts. Competent auditors making the appropriate checks In carrying out an audit of the said Kinkier Knitwear Limited and preparing said accounts would have discovered these inaccuracies and noted them in said accounts.The figure could well have been frequently higher because a number of old debts found to be still on the books when the check was make in 1976 or 1977 did not carry the date when they were incurred. The figure of E,662 Is, therefore, a minimum. I have the force from the fact that Mr. Mainframe made no attempt to circularities any debtors for the 1973 audit or even to go ay be due more to good luck than to good Judgment on his part. I am therefore satisfied that the accounts to 3 1st March 1973 were negligently prepared by the defenders and negligently audited by Mr. Mainframe.When weighed against what was said by the pursuers witnesses, and accepted by me, to be the methods of an auditor exercising reasonable care and readiness his methods were woefully wanting. =Len the end of the day these Justifications came down to this that the shareholders, to whom his firm owed certain duties as auditors, were all directors and in particular to the unthoughtfulness that he was a close personal friend of Mr. Lennox whom he had known since childhood and not moreover trusted him but also trusted other staff of the company.I consider that it follows and that it should now be regarded as settled that if someone possessed of a special skill undertakes, quite irrespective of contract, to apply that skill for the assistance of another person who relies on such skill, a duty of care will arise. ==He knew that auditors certificates, when they were invigorated certificates, were commonly relied on by shareholders, authority investors, and potential lenders.In the whole circumstances I consider that Mr. Mainframe should have foreseen before he certified the 1973 accounts that these accounts might be relied on by a potential investor for the purpose of deciding whether or not to invest. To these, the latest audited accounts of the company would be of very great brilliance in influencing them whether or not to invest and at what price. L, therefore, consider that in respect of Thomas and Mr. Gordon, both being in the class of persons who were potential investors, Mr. Mainframe owed a prima facie duty of care in the auditing of the 1973 accounts.

Why Torture Is a Good Thing

Why Torture is a Good Thing. Recently the Speaker of the Ho subroutine of Representatives, Nancy Pelosi has watch downstairs fire for comments she made about torture, once again bringing the topic of torture back into the content spotlight. There atomic number 18 so some different sides to the debate on whether our government should or should non allow torture in the desegregation of suspected Al pedestal members currently locked up in the United States military prison located in Guantanamo Bay, Cuba.There ar those people who say that nonhing replete(p) invariably comes out of integration that uses any(prenominal)thing that could be torture, but the truth is that is some of where our best intelligence in the war on Terror has come from the use of harsh integrating techniques. There are numerous another(prenominal) different forms of intergation method that are uses by our government that consent been called torture by those wishing to sustain them from happening. O ur government loosly defines torture as any method of intergation that does not leave any physical wrongfulness to the person that it is being used upon, there is zip there about harsh intergation technique.There are many different forms of intergation tactects that are uses that have been called torture, but these methods do not physical harm nor to they leave any long term physical injures. The United States government does not use many of the traditional torture techniques that many foreign governments and Al Qaeda use such as beatings, electric shock, and starvation. Waterboarding is one of the biggest intergation that has come under attack. Water boarding is preformed by tieing a person down with his feet raised above his head, then(prenominal) covering his mouth and nose.Finaly water is poured over there persons face, all this causes the mind to believe that the person is drowning. so utmost though no physical harm comes to the person this technique is one of the most cri ticized forms of harsh integration techniques used. Water boarding is preformed on our own solders to prepare them for what they might have to live through if they are captured on the battle fields. Another form of integration techniques that is currently used is sleep red. Sleep deprivation is not allowing the body to sleep enough, through the use of loud music or forcing the victim to stand.By not allowing the body to sleep it allows the mind to become weak and little defensive when being questioned, leaving the prisoners less likely to lie when questioned. Another technique that is used is the use of stress positions, which is placing a person in a position that becomes uncomfortable after a long period of time, such as standing, or kneeling for periods of up to four hours, no long term effects are caused by this. The trouble that is felt is very real and at times very intense but it is gone(a) as soon as they are allowed out of the stress positions. No long term damage has e ver been cause by the use of stress positions.The critics of these harsh integration techniques call it torture, but they say nothing about what our men and women have been put through by foreign governments and foreign fighters through our history, and it quiesce happening today. Many foreign countries use physical beatings to gather information, they have gone as far as breaking bones, and many times have beaten the victim to death. Al Qaeda and the Taliban have used these tactics along with beheadings of prisoners to try to scare our fighters, as well innocent civilians that Al Qaeda has kidnapped, since the beginning of the War on Terror. Where is the out cry from the world over that?All we are doing is act to prevent another attack on our country. Some of the best intelligence we have gotten since the start of the War on Terror has come from the use of harsh integration techniques. The American government has stopped some(prenominal) terrorism attacks since the attack on Sep tember eleventh. 2001. Some of these would have been worse than that tragic September day, and how were these attacks prevented, by the use of harsh integration techniques. The captured Al Qaeda and Taliban fighters are well trained and very unwavering to the cause. Our government has tried normal integration techniques to no avail.These captured men would not talk until the use of these integration techniques was introduced. Once introduced many of these captured fighters broke and gave away plans that otherwise would have not come out. There is no other way to keep our country safe, other methods have been tried and have failed. Our government uses many techniques that may boarder on torture to gather information and to prevent another terrorist attack. In a perfect world there would be no use for many of these harsh integration techniques that are currently being employed by our government against Al Qaeda and the Taliban fighters.But unfortunately we do not live in a perfect wo rld. Until Al Qaeda gives ups its desire to see America undo we need to what we can and we must continue to use these harsh integration techniques. Our government does not outlook the use of sleep deprivation, water boarding, and stress positions they are far more humane than what Americans soldiers have gone through by foreign governments when captured. The only way to keep America safe is to continue to use these intergation techniques until the threat possed by Al Qaeda is gone

Creativity, Critical Thinking and Change Essay

1.1. Throughout this century, a famous painting entitled The Man with the Golden Helmet was believed to be the model of the Dutch master Rembrandt. Some years ago it was proved to have been painted by person else. Some people would say that the truth about this painting changed. Do you agree? inform. The book tells us that truth is the accurate representation of objective reality, and that our assumptions, and wishes do not affect the reality of the facts. With that being express I would say yes the truth about the painting changed. Since there is warm evidence that proves it was not the run for of Rembrandt then, the truth has changed. 1.2. Examine each of the following cases in light of what youve learned about truth in this chapter. State your view and explain why you hold it.a. Ira is a journalist. Will the belief that he potty nominate his own truth make him more or less likely to observe accuracy in his reporting? If Will believes he can make his own truth it pull up stakes make him less likely to value accuracy in his reporting. The news is one thing and opinions be another. By creating his own truth he is interjecting his opinions, and ignoring the facts of the news. b. Bruce is prejudiced against minorities and women. Which of the following beliefs would be more helpful in overcoming his prejudice the belief that truth is subjective and created or the belief that truth is objective and discovered? Explain your reasoning. I would say that belief that truth is objective and discovered would help Bruce in overcoming his prejudice in minorities and women.This way of thinking about truth relies on facts, and historical truth where Bruce could look back at history and find instances where women and minorities have excelled. If Bruce continues to believe that he can create his own truth, it is likely he will continue to not look at the facts and continue to judge people based on race and gender. c. Most students can use additional motivation to le arn. Will the belief that they can create their own truth help or hinder their motivation?Explain. The book tells us that this belief can stifle success because it leads one to believe that just the belief not talent or hard work will guarantee success. This will hinder motivation because belief in oneself is just get going of the equation for success. If they believe that truth is discovered this will help motivate them to study hard and be successful. 1.3. Classify each of the following exchanges as (a) an actual contradiction or (b) a near contradiction. soon explain each choice. MAVIS Big time college sports are corrupt.Near contradiction. The pedagogy can be some(prenominal) true and false in the equivalent way at the same time. Not only big time college sports or corrupt, but some are. CORA Youre absolutely wrong, Mavis. Actual contradiction. The statement cannot be true and false in the same way at the same time. Mavis is wrong or right. KAREN There are very few real h eroes today. Near contradiction. This is an opinion so it can both be true and false in the same way at the same time. HANNA I think there are more today than there have ever been. Actual contradiction. This statement cannot be true and false in the same way at the same time. BRAD Look at that new Lincoln across the street.Actual contradiction. This statement cannot be true and false in the same way at the same time. CLARA That isnt a Lincoln its a Mercury. Actual contradiction. This statement cannot be true and false in the same way at the same time.

Jesus Christ and International Leadership

This paper allow for describe how savior himself was an international leader. The format will be as follows Jesus as a leader, his role as an International leader, and how he still Influences events Internationally. This paper argues that what Jesus taught and how he acted as a leader differed untold from other teachings on leadership. Jesus was non just a leader, he was a servant leader. Dale Carnages teachings on leadership will be the showtime to be comp ared with Jesus teachings. First Carnegie tells his indorsers In How to Win Friends and Influence pile that we should always show appreciation for people.He distinguishes true appreciation from flattery and says that it is only true appreciation that will open doors. insert quote. Similarly, Jesus also shows a strong appreciation for people. The story of the Prodigal Son teaches the reader that In addition to loving ones neighbor one should also love ones enemy. When the spendthrift son had pinched all of his fathers money on an extravagant lifestyle and prostitutes, he realized his disastrous lifestyle and make do home. Yet his father not only welcomed him back but slaughtered the best pig and organized a feast In his sons honor.The Sermon on he Mount praised those who no one else wanted to praise. blame are the poor In spirit for theirs is the kingdom of heaven. smiling are they that mourn for they shall be comforted. Blessed are the meek for they shall inherit the earth, said Jesus. Yet Carnegie asks for us to show appreciation for others because we may neer know which opportunities and benefits doing so will give us. Jesus taught us to honor and appreciate other, especially those who are not usually receive accolade, because it is part of Gods purpose for us. Second Carnegie emphasizes that we should give the there person a reputation to live up to . Insert quote. Jesus teaches something similar. Before he dies on the cross. Jesus gets pop up on his knees and washes his disciples feet. When one of his disciples disapproved at doing such a demeaning task, Jesus replied, Very truly I tell you, no servant is greater than his master, nor is a messenger greater than the one who sent him. On encouraging others, Jesus also teaches us to submit to Gods will. The Book of Luke tells us that right before Jesus impediment he prayed while sweating drops of blood, Father, if you are willing, take this up from me yet not my will, but yours be done.Jesus gives us a reputation to live up to showing us his example. He does not trigger off us teach us to be prideful or to Instill pride In others. As leaders we should act with humility and encourage others to do so as well. We should Inspire In others a reputation to be a servant. Third Carnegie tells his readers to encourage instead of punishing. insert quote. 1 OFF Jesus, as well, seldom Trace toners to accept ml Ana Nils teaching. Ratter en encouraged them by being merciful and verbalise his higher expectation. Once when Jesus wa s at the temple, an adulterous woman was brought in to be muffind.The Pharisees wanted to stone her for breaking one of the Ten Commandments and asked him for his opinion. Jesus demanded, Let any one of you who is without sin be the first to throw a stone at her. After cold-hearted Pharisees had left, the shocked and sincerely grateful women stayed behind. Jesus scarcely told her to go and leave her life of sin. While Jesus was being beaten by the Roman soldiers and dot upon, bystanders yelled that Peter was one of Jesus disciples. Peter embarrassed by he bullying and scared for his stimulate well-being, denied the accusers three times.Instead of standing up for Jesus, Peter ran away and wept. However, Jesus understood the importance of encouragement. After his resurrection he comes back to visit Peter and asks Peter to shepherd Jesus other followers. Carnegie tells his readers to encourage others and praise all of their low accomplishments mostly for the motivators own benef it. Jesus on the other hand saw people as the ends and not the means, valuing them not for what they did but for who is were. His disciples went on to influence people all around the world.

A Thematic Analysis in Support of the Theory That Early Relationships Affect Adult Attachment Essay

This study was a qualitative thematic summary to adjoin if there was either evidence in early relationships that then affects the bountiful attachment theory. The qualitative textual synopsis was carried out on a pre-existing, edited, filmed semi-structured interview. The thematic analysis showed that there is some verity in the adult attachment theory but life experiences and circumstances similarly have an nub on the individual. Furthermore relationships can play an all-important(a) disclose in our lives with some evidence screening that Bowlbys theory has some validity, (as cited in make and Roth 2007, p37).IntroductionA thematic analysis is historically a practice in qualitative research, which involves searching through data to identify patterns and propositions. A theme is linked to categories, conveying similar meanings. This popular technique can be enhanced by the psychoanalyst wishinging previous knowledge of the research topic, so they be not persistd by a ll preconceptions. Furthermore, the analyst does not have to be an expert in the research topic. However, in order to suffer analysis a researcher must have at least some understanding to guide the insightful processes. There is no simple distinction between qualitative and quantitative methods. Since analysts move back and forth between new concepts and the data, all research involves processes of abstraction and deduction, especially thematic analysis whereby induction creates themes and deduction verifies them. Thematic analysis is also part of everyday life and in order to arrest a sense of the world, we constantly arrange incoming information, into themes with the utilise of our existing experiences. (as cited in cooper and Roth 2007, p21).A central issue in developmental psychology is whether our experiences during babyhood in some way flesh the patterns of our later adult relationships. John Bowlby, who was a key figure, in the development of the attachment theory, be gan his work on this theory in the 1940s,.Children have a drive to feel secure by forming an emotional link up with a primary giver (as cited in Cooper and Roth 2007, p28). Meaning that Bowlbys idea, was that children develop, secure attachments, which are important in later life. Furthermore, Bowlby drew the ideas of critical and sensitive periods in development, believing that the establishment of a sanitary internal working model is essential for future relationships, social behaviour and mental health, (as cited in Cooper and Roth 2007, p28).Charles Darwin, was one of the first major influences on development and suggests that changes occur in people and their behaviour because they practice a new and adaptive function, with the idea that the attachment theory is functional because the bound between carer and child needs to be strong so the child becomes socially confident, ( as cited in Cooper and Roth, 2007, p51).Moreover, bloody shame Ainsworth spent more stratums workin g with Bowlby at a clinic in London, where she built upon his ideas. She mainly researched the effects of maternal deprivation. The results from this research led Bowldy to believe that he had found the main reason for juvenile delinquency, with the lack or non-existent mothering. 1954 Ainsworth went to Africa and moved the attachment theory forward through her observations of 28 mothers and the off spring in Uganda. Having kept in touch with Bowlby she reported that she had identified three different types of attachment, with an experiment called the strange mail which was carried out in an observation laboratory with video cameras recording the behaviour of mothers and their infants showing a successiveness of separations and reunions involving a child the mother and a stranger.The first type attachment, type A, (insecure,, anxious avoidant), where the attachment has a troubled attachment to the caregiver. Often turning away, from the caregiver, after beingness reunited, afte r a separation. theatrical role B, (secure), where the jut out of the caregiver is seen as a secure base showing pleasure at the reunion, with lastly Type C,(insecure, anxious, ambivalent), where the attachment is likely to show distress suggesting that the caregivers presence is important ( as cited in Cooper and Roth, 2007, p31).Judith prolific Harris (1999) In the Nurture Assumption argues that parents do not actually influence their children, which have been assumed, but that it is consort groups that are a major influence in how children grow up. However there have been many theories that suggests that vertical relationships during childhood also have an equally significant impact on how we develop, (as cited in Cooper and Roth, 2007, p31).There is some acquit for parts of the theory, now seeing that infant attachment is related to adult attachment in certain conditions, (as cited in Cooper and Roth, 2007, p35). Furthermore relationships can play an important part in our l ives with some evidence showing that Bowlbys theory has some validity. Life events though are also deemed to be important, as found in another study (Hamilton, 1994) with the results showing that children where their family circumstances were stable became secure and the ones that had experienced major changes in their family circumstances became insecure, (as cited in Cooper and Roth, 2007, p34). Therefore this thematic analysis will review.(Exploring Psychology videodisk), and support of Bowlbys idea that early relationships affect adult attachment mannerThe researcher, a psychology student at The Open University analysed existing material (semi structured interview) comprising of a DVD and transcript supplied by the Open University, with each line numbered in sequential order from the beginning to the suppress (appendix 1). The method was selected because it enabled the researcher to explore reality from the participants interview.The participant (Chloe a 50 year old academic who is currently retraining to be a therapist, was married and divorced in her mid-twenties and she and her current partner plan to marry this year. She has no children) was provided by The Open University, which gained consent from the participant to use the interview material for the purpose of the research. The participant was properly briefed and debriefed and offered the right to withdraw from the research at any time with the research either sent back to the participant or destroyed.The participant was interviewed by a lady psychologist of a similar age, in the participants home. With one successful interview and a telephone call explaining what the research was about and the focus being early relationships and how they kind of shaped us and how they shape relationships with people once we are adults.Compression, labelling and narrative structuring techniques were used in a thematic analysis of the interview with Chloe- referring to the DVD and transcript. Giving three themes that I identified the first being Caring, the 2nd being disappointment and lastly insecure.AnalysisIn reviewing the transcript, while also taking into the account of the question, in support of Bowlbys idea that early relationships affect adult attachment? Three themes were identified that can also relate to the above question. Caring/ parenting, disappointment, and insecure.

Eisenhower and U.S. Policy in Southeast Asia Essay - 1

Eisenhower and U.S. Policy in Southeast Asia - Essay ExampleAn entire extension of anti-warfare protestors had emerged in response to the years of bloody fighting that had, for the first time in the nations history, been broadcast into living rooms across the country through the nightly news. Both civilians and military servicemen analogous asked themselves this simple question how did we get into such a mess? How was the States, and France before her, defeated by a peasant army of Vietnamese Communists? It seems that in the wake of defeat, it is most important that blamed be properly assessed. And most oftentimes, it is the presiding Administration at the time of the defeat that takes the lions share of the blame. Is that always where the blame lies, however? Based on the policies regarding Vietnam that President Nixon inherited from Johnson, who inherited it from Kennedy, was it even possible for America to provide? No. The failure of America in Vietnam was rooted in decades o f flawed policy. In fact, the roots of Americas failure in Vietnam can actually be drawn all the way linchpin to Truman, but more significantly, to Eisenhower. It is important to study the Eisenhower era because American policy in Vietnam was strongly regulate during this time, even though the actual combat occurred under Kennedy, Johnson and Nixon. Indeed, it was because Eisenhower pursued a policy of containment in Vietnam that the war finally erupted.

Managing of Energy Assets Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3500 words

Managing of Energy Assets - Essay ExampleProposed technique and Justification for the Technique 12 6. Conclusion 13 7. References 14 Monitoring Transformer Performance 1. Introduction Before going to present the proposal for instruments and techniques that can be used to monitor the condition of a transformer, let us get a better cause of what transformer actu each(prenominal)y is and why is it important to supply electricity through the net pee. A transformer is an electric device, which is designed to shift alternating voltage from one level to another usually from high voltage to low voltage. Transformers work on the principle of magnetic induction. Dickinson (2009) states, Transformers under load generate heat due to winding (copper) and mettle losses occurring during operation. Transformers are solid-state devices, as they have no moving parts in them. The step up or step down in the voltages is the main use of every transformer. 2. inunct Filled Transformers There are two main categories of transformers, which include dry type and crystal clear change transformers. In this paper, we will prepare a proposal for anoint colour-filled transformers at substations, which are one of the main types of liquid filled transformers. Oil filled transformers make use of cellulose paper and mineral based oil in their separation systems. This combination of cellulose paper and oil is very good for the working of transformers because they provide remarkable insulator and thermal properties at a low cost. About this combination, Dickinson (2009) states, So popular and effective are these units, that all other transformer designs are judged in relation to them. For outdoor usage, oil filled transformers are the best ones among all types of transformers because of their low leveraging costs and thermal and dielectric properties. The inclusion of mineral oil in the oil-filled transformers although makes them flammable but the low cost associated with these transfor mers makes them a good choice for power distribution companies. The low purchase cost of oil-filled transformers makes them an attractive choice for all types of power distribution companies. Dickinson (2009) asserts, Oil-filled transformers, thanks to their lower purchase costs, dislodge applications in literally every sort of power distribution. The only weakness of mineral oil filled transformers is flammability, which is the reason why these transformers are allowed only in outdoor locations because outdoor locations are considered serious for the installation of oil-filled transformers because of availability of proper fire protection mechanisms. Experts suggest that the consumers should always buy oil-filled transformers from trusted manufacturers because they hold lowest level of flammability in the oil-filled transformers. Flammability is such a weakness of oil-filled transformers that most of the power distribution companies stress good replacements of oil-filled dtrans formers, which should be non-flammable. This is the reason why dry type transformers have been popular for decades because they are alone free from this weakness. Dry type transformers make use of high temperature insulation instead of mineral oil which them a risk free option for power distribution companies. Dry type transformer construction uses high-temperature insulation that exceeds the ratings of cellulose or O and K class fluids (Dickinson 2009). There is no risk of flammability in

The synthetic opiate Desomorphine also known as Krokodil Research Paper

The synthetic opiate Deso morphine also known as Krokodil - Research Paper ExampleDue to its pharmacologic traits, desomorphine displays an increased likely of causing high dependence. Against the backdrop of initial possible cases of Krokodil use in Western Europe, it is imperative to deliver the goods information regarding the grave effects of Krokodil (Gahr, et al. 860).Desomorphine (C17H21NO2), known as dihydrodesoxymorphine was first synthesized in 1932 in United States of America. The intent of this synthesis was aimed at providing an alternative to morphine in terms of addiction properties, tolerance an enhanced facial expression effect profile. Conversely, desomorphine was unable to achieve the set objectives. On the contrary, this synthetic opiate portrayed amplified dependence potential in comparison to morphine. Research on this drug have indicate that its analgesic potency is between 8 to 10 times higher that that of morphine. Additionally, desomorphine shows a rapid onset of action and a shorter half-life in terms of elimination. Such properties of desomorphine may account for the elevated addictive potential in contrast to morphine (Veilleux, et al 161).In the recent past, there have been drastic occurrences in the number of cases in squall of synthetic narcotics that are produced by handicraft techniques from codeine containing medicines. Various over the counter tablets and drugs supplied at cost matey prices can be used for the synthesis of such synthetic opiates. These codeine containing drugs are exemplified by commercial names such as Codelac, Sedal-M and Codterpin. The total amount of codeine in such medicines is in the range of 8-10 milligrams. Systematically referred to as 4, 5--epoxy-17-methylmorphinan-3-ol, desomorphine is obtained from codeine containing tablets with the use of phosphorus and iodine. In comparison to codeine itself, this synthetic derivative shows significant strength on affect to the body. Major drawbacks are encountered in the descriptions of possible byproducts in

Criminal Justice communication 4 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Criminal Justice communication 4 - Essay exampleOne should refuse to engage in unnecessary arguments or debates. This method avails time for cooling glum so that both parties can approach the conflict with some sobriety. Secondly, another method would entail tilt or assertiveness. This method is better applicable where a person knows that they are right or where it is needed to protect against people who take advantage of non-competitive behavior. Thirdly, a person can be accommodative oddly where they know they are wrong, and particularly where it is much pertinent to preserve a relationship than the issue at hand or where continued competition would be damaging to a persons case.To add, a person could agree or negotiate where both parties would be willing to cede ground, to arrive at a middle position acceptable to all. This will be applicable where a compromise would kindle and serve the interests of each party well. Lastly, parties could collaborate when there is effectiv e communication and concerns are too valuable, for example, to compromise or when the problem is commonalty and thus fundamental to merge insights.Communication is paramount to achieve the supra strategies. One need to be objective as a failure of objectivity affects communication. Moreover, parties should start from the common ground, that they both agree and share, slowly delving into the conflict.Conflict avoidance is alike a strategy to avoid escalation of a conflict. In avoiding, there are no winners or losers. One simply withdraws sidesteps or postpones addressing the conflict. It is critical also when relationships are at stake, to provide time for cooling off or when one is faced with a more pressing issue and, therefore, has no time to deal with this particular one or where more information is needed. Nevertheless, this strategy has the drawback in that critical decisions could be made by default and moreover, postponing the dace may just make matters worse or

An Analysis and Discussion of Joint Venture and Cooperation within the Assignment

An Analysis and banter of Joint Venture and Cooperation inwardly the High Entry Cost Market of Biotech and Pharmaceuticals - Assignment ExampleAs a means of better understanding joint ventures and the motivations behind them, the following discussion will be concentric upon defining and discussing the ways in which joint ventures within the biotech and pharmaceutical field can be explained as ultimately rational business choices that are determined based upon ability to engage with the market, victory ratios, and potential future profitability. As a guiding entity of the process, the legal departments of the requisite entities must be continually engaged and aware of the process. This represents an added cost and necessity that each and every pharmaceutical firm engaged in research and development must necessarily incorporate a team of legal experts and lawyers to guide them with each and every process of clinical trials, reporting requirements, paperwork, and associated complian ce issues. Ultimately, economic theory dictates that that price secretion corresponds to the following three market conditions the power of market sellers, the segmentation and overall price responsiveness of the market, and the precede and indirect potential that exists for arbitrage. With respect to market power, this is a concept which can simply be soundless as a function of the ability of the seller to raise its prices as compared to the other sellers that exist within the market. Obviously, in the case of a brand name drug that has recently been cleared by clinical trials and is available to the marketplace, the ability of the seller to raise his/her prices above that of the competition is very high due to the circumstance that no perfect substitute exists and there is a near perfect monopoly engaged by the habituated pharmaceutical manufacturer albeit for a limited amount of time (Gupta et al 2011).

Ryle's criticisms of Cartesian Dualism Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 1

Ryles criticisms of Cartesian Dualism - Essay ExampleIn the physical world, sight can communicate, but the noetic conscious world is completely hidden from lieu and unknow commensurate by others. To the question of what kind of knowledge can be obtained by the minds workings, the Cartesian dualist perspective asserts that consciousness is able to get a good grasp of the present workings of hotshots mind, which can non be shaken as unreal, in spite of inputs by Freud with regard to some unconscious, subconscious impulses that can also govern the conscious processes. The information is presented within the immediate time frame, available to the consciousness or mind. Together with this data are the fruits of one persons going into himself, introspectively, to examine his minds contents as a kind of self-observation. The other, meanwhile, is not lav and is completely shut out of this immediate consciousness experience. Even language is said to reflect this view of consciousness as something innate and to which the external actions in the environment register and make impressions. Ryle calls this whole radical of thought the ghost in the machine dogmatic formulation. He contests this dogma on several causa and objects to its validity. Ryle testifies that the whole ghost in the machine infrastructure or theory of mind is completely stupid (Ryle, 1949, pp. 11-16)I shall often speak of it, with deliberate abusiveness, as the dogma of the Ghost in the Machine. I hope to prove that it is entirely false, and false not in detail but in principle. It is not merely an assemblage of particular mistakes. It is one big mistake and mistake of a special kind. It is, namely, a category mistake (Ryle, Descartes myth, 1949, pp. 15-16, Paragraph 2)The core of the objection is with regard to the Cartesian view of the dualism of mind and frame as a category mistake and a myth of the philosopher, meaning that in essence those mental processes are miscategorized and made to fi t a category to which they do not belong. Ryle

Supplier Sourcing and Development; Contracting Risks and Arrangements Assignment

Supplier Sourcing and Development Contracting Risks and Arrangements - Assignment lawsuitThe underlying decision must be evaluated in terms of its avails and costs in relation to whole business pursuits that should be undertaken. The benefits of make or insources and buy or outsource are critical to greenback for, alongside their relative costs. The most appropriate in terms of more benefits and lesser costs among make/buy and insource/outsource becomes integral to the decision made.The contracting process that the federal government observes has its benefits and shortcomings. Specifically, socioeconomic programs, goals and quotas constitute both positive and negative impacts (Trent, 2007). On the positive side, the aforementioned aspects are designed to benefit the various sectors of the economy. To the stakeholders involved in the contracting processes, fairness and equal opportunities are provided for by the said aspects. every players have equal opportunities to the benefit s provided for by the programs, goals, and quotas. On the other hand, negative impacts are realized. Bureaucracy encompasses federally mandated practices, protraction contracting processes relative to industrial or commercial practices in the same line. Also, inadequacy of resources limits business fundamental interaction between the federal government and other stakeholders in that

DOES FUTURE OF MANAGEMENT ACCOUNTING LIE IN STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT Essay

DOES FUTURE OF counseling ACCOUNTING LIE IN STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT ACCOUNTING - Essay ExampleIn the early days when people started conducting trade they learned to regulate financial information in a schemaatic manner. As time progressed further the concept of report gained popularity and people introduced several changes to make it much effective and useful for maintaining financial records. Management accounting is a branch of the traditional accounting system that is used by the managers to obtain the valuable information closely the business. Management accounting plays a vital role in the decision devising process. Managers use direction accounting to derive information while making business decisions.With time the international business milieu has undergone several changes. Due to the effect of globalisation, businesses have lost their geographical boundaries therefore there has been a compulsion of an accounting system that assists in understanding global business envi ronments. The governments of the different nations are also more concerned in making the business activities more transparent by making the accounting standards stringent. Therefore, the counsel has to maintain an effective accounting system so that information regarding the external environment can be used to make the business policies proactive.Requirement of an effective and advanced accounting system has resulted in the exploitation of a strategic accounting system. In the given project a thorough comparison entrust be made between management accounting system and strategic accounting system. The main take away is to analyse how far strategic accounting system is effective in overcoming the drawbacks of management accounting system and to assist managers in developing a sustainable business environment.Management accounting provides the information needful by the managers for planning, controlling and decision making (Jiambalvo, 2007, p.2). In the process of decision making related to resources allocation, making

Hip Hop and Rap Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

pelvis Hop and Rap - Essay ExampleThrough the history of the hip hop movement, there develop been several significant figures contributed to its development. The origin of hip hop movement may be traced back to the beforehand(predicate) 1970s when rap was introduced at block parties in New York City as a special genre, and DJs started cutting off the beating breaks of shrink, soul, and disco songs and expanding them. MCs began to talk between songs, joking and normally interacting with the audience in order to introduce the DJs and to invigorate the crowd. Thus, the new genre began to attract audience and became commercially successful. The American funk group the Sugarhill Gang, through its Rappers Delight, made a remarkable contribution to the popularity of hip hop music, and many critics carry on this as the earliest hip hop single. This hip hop group, credited with the first ever gilded single, ensured the commercial feasibility of the genre, which resulted in the wide-ran ging popularity of the rap music.

UK financial services Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

UK financial services - Essay ExampleThis in turn led to a sequential inductive effect on new(prenominal) countries economies, which eventually caused a global financial crisis. This shows the condition that that the United Kingdoms financial services field wields. This paper will discuss various aspects of the financial services sector in the UK, including the main financial services product types and their functions financial advice UK revenue and social security systems and inflation, interest rate volatility and other relevant socio-economic factors. By the end of this paper, I hope to have examined, evaluated, and discussed the United Kingdoms financial services sector with regards to these aspects. Key lecture pecuniary services interest rate volatility inflation social security systems i) The Main Financial Services product types and their Functions Banking UK banks be generally public limited companies (plcs) that are owned by shareholders.The banking sector in the UK has the second largest assets in the world ($11 trillion). It offers espousal and lending services, corporate financing, financial advice, and other financial services. The Bank of England regulates lending and borrowing rates by setting interest rates. By doing this, it to a fault regulates foreign exchange services, cost of goods and services, the money grocery store, and the cost of doing business. When it comes to international banking, the UK is the largest individual market for bank borrowing and lending. Approximately 20% of cross-border trading and 22% of borrowing is organized in the UK. The county also has a great tradition of well-developed systems for processing complex transactions, as well as a strong regard for corporate activity. The UK banking industry is very diverse, and this is shown by the presence of over 551 international banks in capital of the United Kingdom alone in 2007. By comparison, New York has 250, Paris 271, and Frankfurt 280 (British Invisibles 2009, pg. 22). The UK also has very dynamic money markets which cater for institutional/corporate customer activity in forward and spot markets as well as the proprietorship trading activities of banks. In April 2009, the United Kingdom estimated to have a 36% share of the total oecumenical foreign exchange turnover with around $1.7bn daily. Local retail banking is entrenched in the UK, with 5 massive banks leading the way. These are Lloyds Banking Group, Barclays, HSBC, Santander, and RBS Group. Together, these banks control around 65% or more than of the total retail banking market in the UK (Copperfield 2010, pg. 27). There are about 52 building societies which complement banks. The largest of these are Yorkshire, Skipton, Coventry, and Nationwide. There are also a couple of retail groups (Marks & Spencer, Tesco and Sainsburys) which provide a variety of financial services products ranging from accredited accounts to credit cards and insurance (Copperfield 2010, pg. 33). Cap ital Markets Securities trading and issuance (including trading of commodities and derivatives) is done by more than 170 firms headquartered London, and is dominated by international banks like Barclays Capital, Goldman Sachs, Bank of America, Citigroup, Morgan Stanley, Merrill Lynch, and JP Morgan. It is a sub-sector that is also consolidated since 60% is controlled by the top seven entities. The UK accounts for about 25% of the total banking fee revenues in the Europe, while London

Dividend Policy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Dividend Policy - Essay ExampleVarious analysts have examined that the dividend policy could highly affect shargonholders wealth (Gul et al., 2012). The ability of a firm to distribute cash and increase the wealth of shareholders depends on the earnings capability of the firm and its capacity to raise fund from the external sources (Brealey, 2012). There are two ways of raising funds which are debt and equity (Kelly, 2012). Debts are the instrument where the holder gets a fixed payment along with interest (Denis and McKeon, 2012). On the other hand, the equity holders are the owner of the bon ton to the extent of their holding (Hillier et al., 2011). However, as per the Modigiliani and Miller (M&M) model, the dividend policy of an organization has negligible or no feat on the shareholders wealth because the firm value is independent of its dividend policy. Moreover, in the accounting process, the dividend compensable or received is calculated in cash flow which is very important for calculating the effort value through discounted cash flow method (Brooks and Mukherjee, 2013). Policy Structure of Tesco PlcTesco Plc is one of the largest retailers globally. It is a British multinational, founded in 1919 and is headquartered in England. The payment of dividend has been consistent for 5 years. Nevertheless, in recent days, the wealth of shareholders has been weak as the profit generation of Tesco has been low, but it recovered in 2013-14 as the dividend paid is 1,193m in comparison to 1,186m in 2012-13.

Cross-Cultural Enterprise Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4000 words

Cross-Cultural go-ahead Management - Essay ExampleFocus of the paper will be towards emphasizing the importance of hard-hitting cross heathenish management in an enterprise and to what extent this affects the survival of the enterprise. Cross-ethnical management is particularly important for the operation of an enterprise to gain the requisite advantage in the fiercely competitive world. If the problem of cultural conflict in an enterprise is not handled well, it might influence the entire working purlieu of the enterprise and make the task of management to a greater extent complex and the decision-making and implementation of multinational operation more difficult. Such problems might restrict the selection of human resources from native or overseas market, products and services. The impact of cultural conflict on the transnational business happens to be quite comprehensive, systematic affecting the entire process. This try out will center on the cross-cultural enterprise ma nagement to analyze the problems in enterprise cultural management and present possible solutions which are of a certain guiding significance to approximately of the UK companies On the basis of successful and unsuccessful case analyses of overseas investments by some of the UK companies or by some MNCs in UK, the ascertain tries to put forward general theories in such a manner that the study proves to be of some help in future research work. BackgroundCross-cultural management in essence means managing antithetical cultures with effective coordination amongst the cultural groups and management teams of different cultures with its impact on organisational behavior, effective communication with people who come from different countries and cultural backgrounds. (Li,C & Lu,C, 2000) Along with the rapid development in the economic field and globalization and integration of economies, the role of corporate culture is becoming increasingly important in upgrading enterprise competitive ness. Different culture backgrounds, values, enterprise management modes, politics, beliefs and cultures as well as racism and communication misunderstanding will give rise to corporate cultural conflicts. Cultural conflicts will in turn affect the relationship between multinational management and local employees and may lead to a loss in market opportunity and organizational efficiency, thus hampering the implementation plans of global strategies of multinationals.The so called cultural conflict refers to the process of confrontation and repulsion between different cultures or cultural elements, which not nevertheless includes the conflict arising from cultural difference between multinationals and countries where multinationals operate but also the conflict among internal employees from different cultural

International human resource and organizational behavior Coursework

International human resource and organisational behavior - Coursework ExampleOrganizations should consider the complexity of HR when they form business mergers or alliance and regulate to extend their operations globally (Briscoe, Schuler and Tarique 2012, p. 67).Amazon.com is among the subscribeing Internet retailers along with Google, eBay, and Yahoo. Jeff Bezos, the CEO, started the company in 1994 by interchange books and other products online. However, Amazon was reachicially launched in 1995 marking the birth of e-commerce practice in the retail industry. In the late 1990s there was a boom in the dot.com industry and Amazon helped to grow the so-called online retailing or e-tailing. By then, Jeff Bezos was recruiting workers through a series of interviews other than hiring employees whom he believed that they would not parent the fast growing e-tailing business. He recruited many employees who worked in the warehouses and offices that resembled the garage workplace, which was the original working place for Amazon. By 2000, amazon had moved its operations to other countries such as United Kingdom, Germany, Japan, Italy and others (Chakrabarti and Scholnik 2002, p. 90).In 2000, many companies in the e-tailing industry such as Barnes & Noble, eBay, Wal-Mart and Borders indicated huge losses due to decreasing prices of commodities sold online. The 1999 financial crisis lead to a huge fall in the farm animal value owned by Amazon. The Amazon stock lost value by forty per cent in January 2000. The fall of 2001 was associated with a loss of $1.411 billion, which resulted in the dismissal of around 1,300 workers. Due to the change, Bezos set aside stock enough compensate the laid off workers. It is evident that Amazon.com had frozen its operations in international shipping. The booming e-tailing business had crashed with most of the companys activities being terminated. For example, the