Social Media and Costa Coffee free essay sample

This report investigates Costa Coffee’s showcase nearness worldwide and inside Singapore. First subtleties the finished foundation exploration and item ideas for Costa Coffee. Next, recorded is their present internet based life review. This remembers their essence and measure of action for various stages, for example, Twitter and Facebook. After careful examination, Costa Coffee’s target purchasers are understudies and working experts, matured 20-40 years. The two portions are substantial shoppers of claim to fame espresso and exceptionally dynamic on numerous web based life stages. Presently, Costa Coffee is deficient with regards to mindfulness in the Singapore espresso showcase. To expand brand mindfulness, there are three powerful web-based social networking techniques: Singapore Costa Coffee’s virtual visit, YouTube video channel, and the Costa Coffee Facebook page. Certain advantages will incorporate brand consciousness of the Mocha Italia espresso, client commitment, and expanded online conversation. Finally, the potential and inescapable dangers are laid out. Organization Overview Costa Coffee is a café chain established in London, in 1971, by siblings Bruno and Sergio Costa. We will compose a custom article test on Web based life and Costa Coffee or on the other hand any comparable subject explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page At that point, Bruno and Sergio Costa just provided espresso to neighborhood cooks and cafés. Be that as it may, with the expanding notoriety of their espresso they opened the main Costa Coffee outlet on Vauxhall Bridge Road in London, in 1978. In 1995, the Whitbred Company obtained Costa Coffee. Today, Costa Coffee is the biggest and quickest developing café chain in the United Kingdom. Costa Coffee entered the Singapore showcase in 2012 (Costa Coffee, 2013). Costa Coffee’s primary strategic, â€Å"To serve the best quality espresso in obvious Italian style†. The organization has consolidated this into all its image contact focuses, including its items, costs, outlets and crusades. Also, Costa Coffee’s vision is, â€Å"To be the best neighborliness organization that there is a group of related lodging, eatery and relaxation club brands perceived by its kin, visitors and financial specialists as pioneers in each market in which it works. † (Whitbred PLC Annual Report and Accounts, 2012-2013). Costa Coffee has likewise settled a few objectives which identify with its vision and statements of purpose, these include: Item Concept Costa Coffee is an Italian mix espresso, which is made only from six distinct sorts of moderate broiled Arabic beans. This gives the espresso a more full flavor and a more grounded fragrance. Furthermore, Costa Coffee is one of only a handful scarcely any espresso brands, which has its own roastery. This guarantees some espresso is of the highest caliber. In addition, in a day and age where corporate social obligation is turning into a worldwide concern, Costa Coffee reaps its espresso beans from just the absolute best: 100% Rainforest Alliance endorsed fields. Costa Coffee plans to imply extravagance, greatness and flawlessness. Which are all consolidated in the different components of the Costa experience, including, its items, costs, outlets, battles and representatives. Aside from espresso, Costa additionally offers a wide scope of food (paninis, toasties, sandwiches and wraps) and treats (cakes, baked goods, brownies, biscuits, pies and bakes)(Costa Coffee, 2013). Costa Coffee clients are the individuals who appreciate the genuine Italian taste that the Italian mix offers. Clients are espresso darlings, yet are the individuals who acknowledge quality and assortment. Today, Costa Coffee has gotten a most loved for people in a hurry, regardless of whether they are taking a break from work or simply shopping in the shopping center. To build client comfort and availability, Costa Coffee has inventively structured 5 different ways through which people can appreciate the Costa Coffee experience: Costa Outlet, Costa Metro, Costa Express, Costa Drive-Thru and Catering (Costa Coffee, 2013). By having these various sorts of foundations, Costa Coffee connects with all espresso darlings, expanding its upper hand and brand dedication. Web-based social networking Overview Costa Coffee is at present via web-based networking media stages, for example, Facebook and Twitter. Their Facebook page has around one million preferences and Costa Coffee Singapore has around 7,500 preferences. Costa Coffee is working seriously with their Facebook page by posting photos of their items and new offers. The organization is additionally dynamic on Twitter, where they have around 60,000 devotees around the world. On their Twitter page, Costa Coffee is advertising their items and introducing offers that are explicit for the flow season. They likewise have three businesses who are taking a shot at a regular schedule between 9am-5pm addressing client questions. Their site is easy to understand as it incorporates a consistent structure about clear item data, their association review, and their pledge to Rainforest Alliance. Costa Coffee is dynamic on most online networking networks and is doing very well with regards to client to-organization connections. Target Consumer: Working Professionals and Students (Aged 18-40) The 2013 National Coffee Drinking Trends statistical surveying report delivered by the National Coffee Association (NCA) uncovers that the grown-up espresso drinking market section is expanding. There was an expansion in 5% of American Adults that savor espresso 2013 (up from 83% in 2012) (Vending Market Watch, 2013). In like manner, â€Å"according to measurement from Euromonitor, the UK advertise for coffee†¦is conjecture to develop by at any rate 10% in the following two years. Today, about 80% of UK grown-up populace drink espresso (as refered to in Urbantimes, 2013). Also, another report from the NCA states that one out of three had drank a gourmet espresso yesterday, which sets the presumption that the strength espresso showcase is developing at a more grounded rate (Vending Market Watch, 2013). All around fermented, claim to fame espressos transformed into a ware among working experts and understudies. It has gotten all inclusive over various salary classifications yet at the same time stays among the profoundly instructed section. Costa is concentrating on understudies, teachers, and other personnel because of their high utilization of espresso and their longing to utilize Costa areas as an advantageous spot to unwind, accumulate, and study. As per a study completed by the National Coffee Association, 40% of 18-multi year olds are drinking an espresso every day. This is an extreme increment from the 31% of this age bunch who said they were day by day espresso consumers in 2010 (as refered to in Urbantimes, 2013). Notice that day by day espressos turning out to be a piece of the â€Å"student life†. In addition to the fact that students are enthusiastic espresso consumers, yet additionally exceptionally dynamic via web-based networking media destinations. As indicated by a review done in 2012, 83% of 18-multi year olds are available via web-based networking media destinations (Pew Internet American Life Project, 2013). The â€Å"student† portion is a basic objective crowd to Costa Coffee due to their espresso utilization and their capacity to be reached through online networking. To the extent students’ desires, more are stating they need comfort, consistency, and availability in a café. They are paying higher for forte espresso due to its’ separation from modest, conflicting spots, for example, Singapore Kopitiams. In addition to the fact that they expect quality in their espresso, yet understudies likewise need a spot to complete their work. It is regularly hard to finish work in an apartment, as it is uproarious and boisterous. In like manner, the library can get full and on occasion even be difficult to track down a seat. Cafés give an agreeable and loosening up atmosphere where understudies can finish papers and study; they become spots of asylum. Working experts is likewise another intensely focused on bunch for Costa Coffee. In specific nations, more than seventy five percent of the grown-up populace are espresso consumers as uncovered in the measurements above. Working experts, around 25-40, are likewise progressively dynamic on long range interpersonal communication destinations. Another study by the Pew Research Center’s Internet American Life Project expresses that 72% of online grown-ups utilize long range interpersonal communication locales (2013). What is much progressively interesting is utilization of person to person communication keeps on developing among more seasoned clients. In 2009, in the age gathering of 30-49 years of age, 48% of grown-ups were utilizing interpersonal interaction destinations. In one year alone, there was a 27% expansion in this age class (Pew Internet American Life Project, 2010). Thusly, these insights plainly show why the working experts section is similarly essential to the Costa Coffee’s online life crusades. Both of these portions are developing consistently via web-based networking media existences and have high utilizations of espresso day by day. Working experts esteem an espresso shop’s climate for unexpected reasons in comparison to understudies; regularly, they like to utilize their preferred café as a spot to take a customer, to hold a gathering, or as an office away from the workplace. Like understudies desires, working experts esteem the comfort, the consistency, and the openness. Furthermore, refreshment quality, speed of administration, and â€Å"customer intimacy† are profoundly esteemed to this market fragment. Destinations An essential review was led on 51 Singaporean respondents (from the targetâ audience as distinguished above) to show signs of improvement understanding about Costa Coffee in Singapore (study, 2013). Discoveries of the review are given beneath: Graph 1: The overview shows that Starbucks Coffee is the most conspicuous premium espresso brand, trailed by The Coffee Bean Tea Leaf and The Connoisseur Concerto. Furthermore, just 6% of the respondents think about Costa Coffee. This means Costa Coffee has nearly low brand mindfulness. Diagram 2: Of 50 respondents, 71% have never been to Costa Coffee. This backings the end that Costa Coffee has low brand mindfulness. Diagram 3: Of 36 respondents who have never honey bee

Macbeth And Power Essays - English-language Films,

Macbeth And Power The battle for force and control in Shakespear's Macbeth is clear from the starting as Macbeth endeavors to be delegated by some coincidence and Lady Macbeth inclines toward a marginally faster increasingly fierce methodology. Macbeth starts the play with no force in any case, with a limited quantity of the control, thus Lady Macbeth had the force and the vast majority of the control. As they quietly fight for power over their family also, their future Macbeth slaughters with the goal for them to progress in social standing. It was Lady Macbeth's longing for authority over her better half that set him on his course of annihilation and murder. Shakespeare depicts Lady Macbeth as a merciless, overwhelming lady who rules her better half and his activities. Woman Macbeth causes Macbeth's to do what she decides to be best for him by bringing down his confidence with the goal that he should do what she demands with the end goal for him to pick up his sense of pride back. She expresses such things as, When you durst do it, at that point you [will be] a man (1.7.49). It is Lady Macbeth who thinks of the arrangement to execute Duncan, since she realizes that Macbeth could never submit such a follow up on his own without her pushing him to in light of the fact that Macbeth's tendency is excessively full o' the milk of human graciousness/To get the closest way (1.5.15,16). She builds up the arrangement and sorts out the subtleties while anticipating that Macbeth should only follow her requests. This becomes apparent when she says to him, You will put/This night's incredible business into my dispatch(1.5.66,67) and Leave all the rest to me(1.5.72). She plans to hold him under her control by settling on choices for him and not permitting him to have an independent mind. At the point when Macbeth gets uncertain about her arrangement to execute Duncan, she marks him a weakling when she says, Craftsmanship thou afeard/To be the equivalent in thine own demonstration and valor/As thou craftsmanship in want (1.7.39,41). Macbeth guards himself by clarifying that he is doing everything that could possibly be anticipated from a man and in the event that he does all the more at that point no man will he be, she guarantees that no ?genuine' man would down what's more, decline to finish a demonstration he had consented to. All things considered on the off chance that she had sworn, as Macbeth needs to slaughtering Duncan, she would, While [her baby] was grinning in [her] face,/Have pluck'd [her] areola from his boneless gums,/ What's more, dash'd [it's] minds out (1.7.54-9). This shows a greater amount of her abhorrent side and furthermore marks her as to a greater degree a man then Macbeth may be. This alongside other cruelly verbally expressed words at last persuades Macbeth to murder Duncan thus his slaughtering binge starts. When Macbeth finishes his significant other's arrangement to kill the lord he is filled promptly with blame, dissimilar to his better half who says, A little water frees us from this deed (2.2.67). After his first homicide Macbeth starts to feel a feeling of strengthening in his own life and he begins to assume responsibility for his own activities. The principal proof of this is when Macbeth murders Duncan's groomsmen without Lady Macbeth's authorization or assent. After finding her spouses spontaneous homicides Lady Macbeth is stunned to such an extent that she blacks out. Macbeth no longer needs Lady Macbeth to settle on his choices for him, he has picked up the force and control, but since she made him execute Duncan he would now be able to slaughter more promptly than he could have without her. This is apparent as he designs the homicide of Banquo and Fleance and recruits the killers himself without feeling any blame or on the other hand counseling his better half by any stretch of the imagination. Actually, Lady Macbeth urges him to overlook what has occurred previously and proceed onward. She says to him, What's done is done(3.2.12), You should leave this(3.2.35). Macbeth, be that as it may, with his new feeling of control, won't submit to her order. He goes on with his arrangements to execute Banquo and later chooses to murder Macduff's family in the following lines; The very firstlings of my heart will be The firstlings of my hand. What's more, even now, To crown my contemplations with acts, be it thought and done; The stronghold of Macduff I will amaze; Seize upon Fife; provide for the edge of the blade His significant other, his darlings, and every single disastrous soul That follow him in his line.(4.1.147,153) Macbeth can slaughter men of his own size as well as ladies and little kids, which shows how far he has come since Lady Macbeth's ?little' push to slaughter

Choosing Permalink Structure in WordPress Site

Choosndex.php/yyyy/mm/dd/post-name/ Choosing permalink structure in WordPress For selecting appropriate permalink in WordPress Blog we can choose it from Dashboard. In WordPress it uses web URLs which includes question marks and numbers on it. But you can also create a custom permalink. But to select pre set permalink just follow the below steps- Step 1Log into yourWordPressaccountand go toDashboard Step 2From Dashboard click on -Settings-Permalinks Step 3From that page under Permalink Settings and locate Common Settings. Here you will see 6 options for WordPress permalink including Custom Structure. Default - Display only alphabet and number Day and name - Display only post year, month, date and title Month and name - Display only post year, month and title Numeric - Display only post Achieve and number Post name - Display only post title Custom Structure - You can display post Achieve, year, month, date and title according to your own way. Step 4 Just select any radio button to choose the permalink. In case of Custom Structure you have to ad permalink code manually. For custom structure use below example- You must add % after every permalink points. So make sure to end your structure with either %post_id% or %postname% (e.g. /%year%/%monthnum%/%day%/%postname%/) so that each permalink points to an individual post. %year% - The year of the post, four digits, for example 2015 %monthnum% - Month of the year, for example 04 %day% - Day of the month, for example 15 %hour% - Hour of the day, for example 18 %minute% - Minute of the hour, for example 31 %second% - Second of the minute, for example 22 %post_id% - The unique ID # of the post, for example 324 %postname% - A sanitized version of the title of the post that means after publishing the article it will automatically add (-) after every word in Post title. So Choosing your permalink structure in WordPress becomes Choosing-your-permalink-structure-in-WordPress in the URI. %category% - A sanitized version of the category name (category slug field on New/Edit Category panel). Nested sub-categories appear as nested directories in the URI. %author% - A sanitized version of the author name. It will display the author name on post link. Category base and Tag base permalink You can also use Category base and Tag base permalink- The Category base and Tag base are prefixes used in URLs for category and tag archives, which look like this: bloggerspice.com/wp/category_base/category_name bloggerspice.com /wp/tag_base/tag_name Step 5 Finally click on blue color Save Changes button. And now publish your post and check the post link that it will be visible according to the selected permalink structure in your WordPress Blog. Thank you.

Essay on Kate Chopins The Awakening - 1107 Words

Edna’s Struggle and Awakenings nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Kate Chopin by the means of creations like The Awakening is trying to make the female in society think about her condition and also push the feminism movement. Her depiction of The Awakening is realistic as she develops Edna Pontellier’s character from a socially and morally respectable individual to an individual that turns her back on everything that was certain in her life to become independent. She struggles between her subconscious and conscious thoughts as unusual feelings stir unfounded emotions and senses. Chopin portrays Edna as a character who is struggling against the society throughout the story and is also going through series of ‘Awakenings.’†¦show more content†¦Being a part of the patriarchal society the women in Grand Isle had to do as they were asked to by their husband. This kind of a society gave the men power over the women. Edna also fails to fulfill her responsibilities as a mother. The narrator describes, à ¢â‚¬Å"If one of the little Pontellier boys took a tumble whilst at play, he was not apt to rush crying to his mother’s arms for comfort; he would more likely pick himself up, †¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Chopin 473). This indicated that the young Pontelliers were not as dependent on their mother, Edna as the other children in Grand Isle. Edna and the kids had become distant from each other and she feels a sense of relief when the children go to visit their grandmother. Edna’s mind is at rest concerning the present material needs of her children. She is also often criticized by Leonce for neglecting the children. In fact the narrator tells us that, â€Å"He reproached his wife with her inattention, her habitual neglect of the children† (Chopin 471). Due to the distance from Edna, the children grow more close to their father even though Leonce is gone half the time. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp; nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;As the story progressed Edna, the central character of the story goes through a series of awakenings. As Edna awakens to this new self she becomes self absorbed and chooses her satisfaction over her family. Her marriage to Leonce was not a love marriage, but more of a convenience. Edna wasn’t in love with Leonce, but rather embracedShow MoreRelatedThe Awakening on Kate Chopins The Awakening1745 Words   |  7 Pages The time period of the 1880s that Kate Chopin lived in influenced her to write The Awakening, a very controversial book because of many new depictions of women introduced in the book. The Awakening is a book about a woman, Edna Pontellier. In the beginning, she is a happy woman with her husband and 2 kids vacationing at Grand Isle. While there, Edna realizes she is in love with Robert Lebrun and that she was just forced into an unloving/dissatisfying marriage with Mr. Pontellier. Robert howeverRead MoreKate Chopins The Awakening1767 Words   |  8 Pageswith experimentation and exploration, followed by personal acceptance, and finally, although not always, societal acceptance. Although we have come a long way on the path of acceptance of different sexual transgressions, the stories of Kate Chopin’s The Awakening, Tennessee Williams’ â€Å"Vieux Carre,† and Lyle Saxon’s â€Å"The Centaur Plays Croquet† show that this type of acceptance has not alwa ys been the case. Each story plays an integral role when looking at the steps on the path to societal acceptanceRead MoreKate Chopins The Awakening1871 Words   |  8 Pagesworshipping her children and submitting to her husband. Kate Chopins novel, The Awakening, encompasses the frustrations and the triumphs in a womans life as she attempts to cope with these strict cultural demands. Defying the stereotype of a mother-woman, Edna battles the pressures of 1899 that command her to be a subdued and devoted housewife. Although Ednas ultimate suicide is a waste of her struggles against an oppressive society, The Awakening supports and encourages feminism as a way for womenRead More Kate Chopin’s The Awakening Essay4153 Words   |  17 PagesKate Chopin’s The Awakening Kate Chopin’s The Awakening should be seen as depicting the discontentment that comes from self-gratification rather than the glorification of delighting in one’s fantasies. Chopin describes the central idea of one who is seeking to please her personal needs and desires and, in the process, neglects to notice how her actions affect others. The protagonist, Edna, is not able to find peace or happiness in the accepted daily life that a woman of her era and socialRead MoreKate Chopins The Awakening1176 Words   |  5 PagesIn Kate Chopin, â€Å"The Awakening†, longing for passion and freedom Edna Pontellier leaves the safety of her gilded cage, only to find that death is her only salvation. In the 1800’s the main role in society for a female was to be a wife and mother, women at this time were the property of their husbands and had little say in anything. Which for Edna was the opposite of what she wanted, she wanted to be free from these responsibilit ies and to live her own life. Although Edna is not a victim in theRead More Kate Chopins Awakening Essay1448 Words   |  6 PagesKate Chopins Awakening Kate Chopins depiction of â€Å"The Awakening† is realistic as she develops Edna Pontellier’s character from a socially and morally respectable individual to an individual that turns her back on everything closest to her as she births her new self-being. Edna Pontellier struggles between her subconscious and conscious thoughts as unusual feelings stir unfounded emotions and senses. Some of Chopin’s characters lend themselves in Edna’s â€Å"awakening†. Through examination of LeonceRead More Kate Chopins The Awakening Essay1350 Words   |  6 PagesKate Chopins The Awakening Kate Chopin’s novel The Awakening expresses the difficulty of finding a woman’s place in society. Edna learns of new ideas such as freedom and independence while vacationing in Grand Isle. Faced with a choice to conform to society’s expectations or to obey personal desires for independence, Edna Pontellier realizes that either option will result in dissatisfaction. Thus, Edna’s awakening in Grand Isle leads to her suicide. Edna’s awakening occurs duringRead MoreEssay on Kate Chopins The Awakening1246 Words   |  5 PagesKate Chopins The Awakening In Kate Chopins, The Awakening, Edna Pontellier came in contact with many different people during a summer at Grand Isle. Some had little influence on her life while others had everything to do with the way she lived the rest of her life. The influences and actions of Robert Lebrun on Edna led to her realization that she could never get what she wanted, which in turn caused her to take her own life. In the Creole culture, outward affection and expressionRead More Kate Chopin’s The Awakening - The Feminist Awakening Essay2094 Words   |  9 PagesThe Feminist Awakening    Women’s rights have evolved over time; beginning with being homemakers and evolving to obtaining professions, acquiring an education, and gaining the right to vote. The movement that created all these revolutionary changes was called the feminist movement. The feminist movement occurred in the twentieth century. Many people are not aware of the purpose of the feminist movement. The movement was political and social and it sought to set up equality for women. Women’s groupsRead MoreFemale Empowerment in Kate Chopins The Awakening7915 Words   |  32 PagesHeinrich-Heine-Università ¤t Wintersemester 2010/11 Vertiefungsmodul Kurs: American Realism and Naturalism - Short Stories Seminarleiter: Georg Schiller Datum der Abgabe: 16.04.2011 Female Empowerment in Kate Chopin’s â€Å"The Awakening† Anjana Dhir BA Englisch KF, Geschichte NF 3. Semester Table of Contents 1. Introduction 3 2. The French

Hedda Gabler By Henrik Ibsen - 1325 Words

Women have always been a point of interest in the eyes of many readers in all time periods. They are seen by society as mysterious, beautiful, sometimes outspoken, and so much more. However, women of today s day and age don t hold a candle next to the Victorian Era’s Hedda in the play Hedda Gabler by Henrik Ibsen. Hedda Gabler, although a heinous person at heart, is an extremely powerful woman who uses that power to mask her own fears. So why is it that Hedda Gabler displays herself in such a manner? Within this essay the reader will learn how Hedda acts, the forms in which she controls those around her, in what ways she gets exactly it is that she wants, when and how she wants it, as well as what her fears are and where they may have stemmed from. In the play, the author, Henrik Ibsen, describes Hedda as a women caught up with only the aesthetic aspects of life. She cares not for the feelings or well-being of those around her, but rather how those same people view her. As any woman in this time period would desire, especially a prestigious one being born from a general, a spotless and well rounded reputation is essential in obtaining respect , gaining power, and going on about simple day to day living. As described by one scholar, â€Å"Their work ranged from the grand sweep of politics to the minutiae of everyday life† (Maitzen). Often, Hedda would put aside responsibility and other tasks to focus on her beauty and how she was viewed. Her beauty was one of the manyShow MoreRelatedHedda Gabler By Henrik Ibsen926 Words   |  4 Pages Hedda Gabler Hedda Gabler is a play written by Henrik Ibsen about a daring woman and her relationship with those around her. Ibsen portrays the way the pressures of society affect a person and how Hedda Gabler personally deals with it. Hedda is indeed a complex and fascinating character and the audience’s opinion can differ as many see Hedda as a selfish coward while others can see her as a brave, independent person. In the play, she is faced with these two judgements: she can show an act ofRead MoreHedda Gabler by Henrik Ibsen906 Words   |  4 Pages The play â€Å"Hedda Gabler† revolves around the life of a socially deprived woman living in the late 1800s. Hedda Gabbler’s crippled emotionally draining life is the epicenter of the entire body of work. As Ibsen wrote of Hedda’s emotional state and life he revealed the distinct role women played in the late nineteenth century. Manipulation and the reputation of the protagonist, Hedda Gabler reveals the message Henri k Ibsen was trying to send out. Hedda Gabler lived in a world of repressed feelingsRead MoreHenrik Ibsen s Hedda Gabler Essay2029 Words   |  9 PagesPAPER: HENRIK IBSEN’S â€Å"HEDDA GABLER† Part 1: Henrik Ibsen Henrik Ibsen was born on March 20th, 1828 and grew up in a Norwegian coastal town of Skien, as the oldest of five children. His Father, Knud, was a successful merchant providing a plentiful life for his family, while his mother, Marichen, played the piano and loved theater. Ibsen showed little interest in theater as a child until his family went into bankruptcy and eventually into poverty. That tragic event in his life made Ibsen put hisRead MoreAnalysis Of Hedda Gabler By Henrik Ibsen914 Words   |  4 Pagesis shown in many works of literature. For example, Hedda Gabler by Henrik Ibsen shows the ways of character moral ambiguity and its way in deceiving others; this is shown through the character Judge Brack. Judge Brack is portrayed to be a good friend of George Tesman and Hedda Gabler Tesman, a psychological trickster and manipulator who is ultimately revealed to be a morally ambiguous character. Judge Brack is introduced into Hedda Gabler as a man of authority, which allows him to able toRead MoreHedda Gabler by Henrik Ibsen652 Words   |  3 Pageshalf empty or half full. Your choice will determine how you look at things. In Hedda Gabler, I think that her approach to living life was looking at the glass as half empty. She was negative about everything and she was also a very manipulating, ungrateful, crazy woman. I wish I got to go on a 6 month honeymoon like she did!! She didn’t seem to appreciate her long honeymoon. Not many people get a 6 month honeymoon. Hedda looked at suicide as a beautiful thing and that is not having a positive lookRead MoreHedda Gabler by Henrik Ibsen556 Words   |  2 Pagesmay say that Hedda Gabler is a perfect example of twisted femininity because she despartely wanted to be in control and was an asset to Lovborg’s death. She despised being Tesman’s wife and manipulated people for no apparent reason except for her own per sonal gain. Undermining her husband with her coldness, denying her pregnancy, destroying Theas life-work, burning Lovborgs manuscript, and committing suicide are all the attempts she made to try and satisfy her thrist for life. Hedda was not theRead MoreHenrik Ibsen s Hedda Gabler902 Words   |  4 PagesTrue Narcissist in Henrik Ibsen’s Hedda Gabler Within Henrik Ibsen’s Hedda Gabler the protagonist pushes the boundaries of what people are able to do and get away with. Some may consider Hedda to be a true romantic longing for a little excitement but beneath the mask behind which she hides, lies a truly selfish and arrogant woman. Hedda Tesman’s dark personallity can be easily observed within her interactions with her husband George Tesman and his aunt Juliana Tesman. Hedda treats her husbandRead MoreHedda Gabler, by Henrik Ibsen and Madame Bovary, by Gustave Flaubert742 Words   |  3 Pagesand the limitations society holds on its residents. In the two literary works, Ibsen’s Hedda Gabler and Gustave Flaubert’s Madame Bovary, they share a common portrayal: the main heroine faces the complications of societal restraints. The novella by Ibsen and Flaubert’s novel emphasize upon women that struggle with what can and cannot be done in their society. The protagonists Hedda Gabler in Ibsen’s Hedda Gabler and Emma Bovary of Flaubert’s Madame Bovary are estranged individuals thwarted by societyRead MoreHedda Gablers Character Analysis Essays1550 Words   |  7 PagesHedda Is Not a Housewife The reflection of women in literature during the late eighteen-hundreds often features a submissive and less complex character than the usual male counterpart, however Henrik Ibsen’s Hedda Gabler features a women who confines herself to the conformities that women were to endure during that time period but separates herself from other female characters by using her intelligence and overall deviousness to manipulate the men in her life and take a dominant presence throughoutRead More Freud and Hedda Gabler: The Wolf Behind the Protagonist1369 Words   |  6 Pageslupus’ form of instinct suggest a more aggressive side of humans with the tendencies of not interacting with people but merely using people. Henrik Ibsen, through his use of the character Hedda Gabler, illustrates Sigmund Freud’s homo homini lupus form of instinct and uses that as a means of drawing out of the flaws of civilization at large. Henrik Ibsen always had the persistent theme of placing that one character within the setting that did not fit into the natural societal confines. This was

The Acts of Racism In The 20th Century Essay - 909 Words

The Act’s of Racism In The 20th Century nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Langston Hughes and Maya Angelou were very well known authors of the early 20th century. Most of their writings were concerned with racism and equality. During that time period there was much evidence that African Americans had been treated unfairly, unjustly, and as if they had been beneath the whites. Segregation of schools, churches, bathrooms, and stores were only a few of the many things wrong with this ere. Racism was very apparent in the two short stories â€Å"Graduation† and â€Å"One Friday Morning†. In one of these, a young girl is put down because of the color of her skin, and in the other, a whole class and audience were made to feel lower than they should have.†¦show more content†¦nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;She was treated very differently, and this caused her to have a different outlook on the atmosphere in which she was living. The scholarship being taken away from her, for this reason was unfortunate because she had worked hard to be recognized in the contest, and had succeeded in winning it, only to have it taken away form her because she was not a young white girl. Her friends and her mother were expecting to hear a wonderful surprise from her in her speech at the assembly. Racism came into play because this was the reason why she did not receive the scholarship. Embarrassment also came into play because she had to go through all of that public humiliation. At first her situation was a positive one and then it became negative because of the ignora nce of a few shallow white supremacists. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;In Maya Angelou’s short story â€Å"Graduation† racism was also evident in many ways. The story started off happy, and then it had a very sad ending.. A group of eighth graders at an all black school were anticipating their graduation. They could hardly wait for it. The whole town was excited. This was a very big deal, and a lot of people had been looking forward to it. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;The day had finally arrived, and everyone was seated in their chairs at the ceremony waiting for the speaker. His name was Mr. Donleavy. He was a white male, andShow MoreRelated Immigrants and Immigration Movement of the Early 20th Century1077 Words   |  5 PagesImmigration Movement of the Early 20th Century Here is not merely a nation, but a teeming nation of nations. -Walt Whitman People have been immigrating to the United States ever since the European settlers first founded the nation. The first immigrants were white European settlers who came for an assortment of different reasons, such as freedom of religion and employment opportunities. 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Frankenstein and Society Essay Example For Students

Frankenstein and Society Essay Society is inevitable. It will always be there as a pleasure and a burden. Society puts labels on everything as good or bad, rich or poor, normal or aberrant. Although some of these stamps are accurate, most of them are misconceptions. In the novel Frankenstein by Mary Shelley this act of erring by society is extremely evident. One example of this judgment is the way the family is looked upon. They are seen by society as the lower class. They work every day on their garden to make food for meals because they do not have enough money to be able to buy food. They are viewed as poor and unfortunate, but are actually rich in spirit. They are good people. They do not complain with the status quo but enjoy what they have, which is an admirable trait for people in any standing. The old blind man sings songs to the others, plays a musical instrument, and adds a sense of experience and content to the family. The children do their daily work without griping as well. Just because they are looked down upon by society that still does not stop them from enjoying what has been provided for them. Society itself, which is supposed to be good, is actually ignorant. They wrongly treat the monster on the assumption that he actually is a monster. They scorn, attack, and shun the monster just because of his outward appearance. T his is not justified by anything except his demeanor. They are also afraid of it because they are afraid of things about which they no nothing. Society also unjustly kills Justine because she is the only person that could have possibly have done such an evil act. They again wrongly label Justine as the killer. They do not look into the facts but instead find a quick and easy answer to the problem. This again shows the ignorance of society in this novel. Two of the most inaccurate assumptions of society revolve around the central characters of Dr. Frankenstein and the monster. Societys labels for these two extremely different characters are on the exact opposite side of the scale from where they are supposed to be. Dr. Frankenstein is more of a monster while the monster is the more decent of the characters. Bibliography:

Behavioural Perspectives of Mental Health free essay sample

Question 1: Describe what is meant by a â€Å"behavioural perspective† of mental health and illness. Use examples from the literature to show how medical and behaviourally-based approaches differ. Behavioural perspectives concerning mental health and illness include bio medical and psychological approaches. Bio medical approaches incorporate pharmacological treatments, heritability, criterion – based diagnosis, and the ability to examine structures and functions of the brain. Psychological approaches comprise psychoanalytical, cognitive, non directive psychotherapy, and behavioural analysis.When making a behavioural perspective concerning a client’s mental health and illness it is important to â€Å"distinguish how problems are conceptualised, what is important to target for change, the process of behaviour and how to change the behaviour† (M. Burkhardt, personal communication, 2010). To distinguish how a behaviour is caused physicians need to examine the behaviour and consider the clients environmental antecendents and consequences concerning their behaviour (M. Burkhardt, personal communication, 2010).Behavioural perspectives concerning mental health and illness have changed over time and continually vary in regards to people’s thoughts, point of views, theories and studies. We will write a custom essay sample on Behavioural Perspectives of Mental Health or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page There are many psychological and biological theories and studies that can impact on the treatment decision, conflicting between psychological and pharmacological treatments (M. Burkhardt, personal communication, 2010). The choice of treatment can depend greatly on the client and physicians views and beliefs. Medical approaches are an important and popular intervention for many people who have been diagnosed with a mental health problem. There are many studies and research surrounding mental health and illness in regards to the medical approach of treatment, evidence in support of the medical approach and biological causation generally falls into two categories, family studies and brain structure/ function studies (Wyatt, 2009). Through the use of functional imaging scans researchers have found that there are differences in the activities of the brains with a range of psychiatric illnesses (Leach, 2009).Frith and Johnstone (2003) as cited in Leach (2009) suggest that â€Å"People diagnosed with schizophrenia have noticeable differences in certain aspects of their brain structures compared to others without that diagnosis†. Genetic factors have been linked to making a contribution to mental illnesses, â€Å"both depression and schizophrenia have been linked to differences in brain chemistry, and researches have suggested genetic patterns of inheritance for these conditions† (Leach, 2009).Studies have found that there are â€Å"biological differences to those who are and are not prone to depression, confirmed by the fact that drugs that have no effect on mood in normal people relieve depression in those who are ill, and the observation that a depressed mood can be precipitated in people who are prone to depressive illnesses simply by manipulating the tryptophan content in their diet† (Delgado et al, 1990 as cited in Kendell, 2009). Many clients who seek help for mental illnesses desire medications due to the fact that they are convinced that their illness are caused biochemically or genetically (Wyatt, 2009). Mental illnesses can be explained in many cases to be cause from a ‘chemical imbalance’ within the body, the medical approach to treat these chemical imbalances is through the use of pharmacological and psychotropic medications to improve their condition by re-balancing chemicals within their body. Behaviourally based approaches involving mental health and illness, consist of non-medical approaches studying client’s behaviours and thoughts, why they exist and what they can cause, also discussing and creating alternative measures to overcome these thoughts and behaviours.Behavioural analysis focuses on behaviours a client presents with and the relationship these behaviours have with the environment, by analysing these relationships, scientific principles of behavioural analysis can contribute to helping people change the way they think, feel and behave. Client’s behaviours are a response to particular circumstances and through the use of behavioural therapy these responses can be modified, changing harmful and unhelpful behaviours that the client may have.Behavioural treatment approaches explores the client’s present situation, considering where their distressing thoughts, feelings and behaviours come from, what reinforces them and how they can be changes (Leach, 2009). When examining a mental illness through the use of the behavioural analytical approach the first step is to have an insight of what the client say’s and does to themselves and others, if the client has severe depression and is participating in self injuries behaviours then it is important to find out what these behaviours are.To recognise and solve these behaviours there needs to be an understanding of the client’s physical condition, setting and environment and the events occurring prior and accompanying these behaviours, such as when the client is in a depressive state having feelings that they ‘don’t want to live’ or ‘fe el like this anymore’, that is when they perform these behaviours such as cutting their wrists, this needs to be established by the physician before interventions can be designed. To achieve positive results by decreasing and diminishing these behaviours their need to be consistency with the interventions and scientific methods.Another non-medical approach structured around behaviour is cognitive behavioural therapy, â€Å"the basic premise of this approach it that an individual’s appraisal of personal life events largely determines how she or he feels and behaves† (Leach, 2009). The key purpose of behavioural approaches is to help client’s understand their behaviours, beliefs and thoughts and how they can used interventions and scientific methods to overcome these issues. It is evident that the medical and behavioural aspects concerning mental health and illness differ greatly in the two separate approaches.Medical based approaches are centred around heritability, genetic factors, examining client’s brain structures and functions, and stabilising ‘chemical imbalances’ through the use of pharmacological and psychotropi c medications. In contrast the behavioural approach looks into the client’s thoughts, beliefs and behaviours, the relationship between behaviours and environment are considered, and once the cause and effects of the behaviours are established interventions and scientific methods are put into place to decrease and diminish these behaviours.

law of dimihisn returns essays

law of dimihisn returns essays The Law of diminishing returns is a key one in economics. It is used to explain many of the ways the economy works and changes. It is a relatively simple idea; spending and investing more and more in a product where one of the factors of production remains the same means the enterprise will eventually run out of steam. The returns will begin to diminish in the long run. If more fertilizer and better machinery are used on an acre of farmland, the yield will increase for a while but then begin to slow and become flat. A farmer can only get so much out of the land, and the more the farmer works, the harder it gets. The economic reason for diminishing returns of capital is as follows: When the capital stock is low, there are many workers for each machine, and the benefits of increasing capital further are great; but when the capital stock is high, workers already have plenty of capital to work with, and little benefit is to be gained from expanding capital further. For example, in a secretarial pool in which there are many more secretaries than computer terminals, each terminal is constantly being utilized and secretaries must waste time waiting for a free terminal. In this situation, the benefit in terms of increased output of adding extra terminals is high. However, if there are already as many terminals as secretaries, so that terminals are often idle and there is no waiting for a terminal to become available, little additional output can be obtained by adding yet another terminal. Another application for this law is in Athletics, for runners, their investment is the time and energy put into training and the yield is hopefully improved fitness. Early in their running careers or early in the training program a couple of weeks of regular training would be rewarded with a considerable increase in fitness. Having achieved a very fit state though, two weeks of regular training will achieve ...

HOW DO YOU RECRUIT THE RIGHT PEOPLE Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

HOW DO YOU RECRUIT THE RIGHT PEOPLE - Assignment Example The best method is perceived to focus upon the star performer in the particular job in the company to be able to use them as a model which will make easy to recruit the right person for the right job. Therefore, often this technique is used by making the top performer as a model in getting the right candidate. For making the right job description the top performers are observed along the work they carry out. The performers have different attributes and it is easy to locate the attributes that is required for the job and it helps in finding the right candidate. It is advisable to use this technique instead of wish list technique. This technique might consume more time but it will find the right person for the job (Johnson, n.d.). If an individual does not know who the top performers of a company are, they should plan for networking through speaking with local chambers of commerce and business professionals who will help in creating the right model for delivering a good job description and find the right person for the right position (Johnson, n.d.). The article is good enough in generating an enhanced knowledge in the terms of recruitment of right person for the right kind of job profile and provides information in how to develop the job description and in looking the attributes that are required for the job. There should be a match between the attributes of the candidate and the attributes that are required for the job. The article has depicted various ways in developing the job description for hiring the right kind of person for the job which one has studied in the text books and many other sources. The top performer observation in development of job description is definitely a good technique. There are certain similarities that have been experienced in the practical applications and that are written in the text books. For a person who is new in this field of recruitment, it is good if they follow this technique so that they can avoid mistakes. Even

Anything Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Anything - Essay Example The growth of multiculturalism in the workplace imparts the need for the managers to understand the cultural, ethnic, and gender based differences of the workforce so that their conflicts can be resolved and their needs can be addressed. Challenges for Managers in the Contemporary Organizations Resolving Interpersonal Conflicts Over the passage of time, there has been an improvement in the discouragement of such notions as slavery, racism, and violence grounded in differences of race, gender, or ethnicity at all levels all across the world. However, although many people say that they condemn such practices, yet deep inside, they still cultivate certain negative perceptions about others who are not like them in terms of race, ethnicity, and such other variables. This sets the stage for the occasional conflicts among the diverse workers. Many a times, workers may not even like to cultivate such negative perceptions about others, but they still feel discomfort and irritation when they a re unable to understand or identify with the opinions, values, and beliefs of their peers and coworkers that are grounded in their respective cultures. â€Å"It's common to have friction with co-workers who have different values and work styles† (McGrath). ... Good public relations provide organizations with competitive advantage in the market that is overcrowded with organizations rendering similar services as they do. Conflicts based on the differences of cultures, race, or gender happening in the workplace can generate a very negative message for the stakeholders particularly the consumers in the society if they happen to learn about them. Managers face the challenge of not only resolving the interpersonal conflicts in the workplace, but also controlling the information leaking out to the stakeholders to keep the organization’s image from being tarnished in the public eye. Strategies of Conflict Resolution Learning Cultural Differences Addressing the cultural, ethnic, and gender differences of the workforce requires the managers to be more educated in these areas than they were ever before. Managers serving in the workplaces in the contemporary age need to acquaint themselves with all possible sources and causes of conflicts betw een the culturally and ethnically diverse workforce and have suitable strategies in place to resolve them effectively. In order to utilize their optimal potential, managers need to be proactive rather than reactive. Although managers may not primarily be educated in cultural diversity and the subjects that entail it like the study of different languages, the study of norms and values of different cultures, and the behaviors appreciated and condemned in them, yet it is recommendable for the managers serving in the contemporary organizations to undertake short courses in these areas or do self study of these subjects for the least. This would build up competency in the managers to analyze and understand things from a variety of cultural perspectives and identify the causes of conflicts among the

Organisational Structure Of The Ikea Company Commerce Essay

Organisational Structure Of The Ikea Company Commerce Essay Ingvar Kamprad, the founder of IKEA, as a child, started a profitable business selling matches to neighbours on his bicycle. In 1943, at just 17 using money he received as a gift from his father for doing well in school he formed IKEA which is an acronym made up of his initials and the first letters of Elmtaryd and Agunnaryd, the farm and village in Sweden where he grew up. In 1947, furniture was introduced for the first time in IKEAs product line in the form of armchairs. Local craftsmen made the furniture using wood from a nearby forest. IKEAs furniture became very popular and the line was extended to include more products. Its interesting at this point in the companies history because Kamprad was based in a very poor area of Sweden, and because of this, the people were naturally frugal and highly resourceful, in other words they had to maximise and be inventive with the limited resources available to themThe author believes that this is the setting and cornerstone for all of IKEAs subsequent success. IKEAs vision was To create a better everyday life for the many people. According to Ingvar Kamprad, the founder of Ikea; To design a desk which may cost $1,000 is easy for a furniture designer, but to design a functional and good desk which shall cost $50 can only be done by the very best. Expensive solutions to all kinds of problems are often signs of mediocrity. (Chandler, 1993: 12) Ikeas success is based on the relatively simple idea of keeping the cost between manufacturers and customers down. Costs are kept under control starting at the design level of the value-added chain. Following on from this the culture of the company emphasizes efficiency and low cost, which cannot be achieved at the expense of quality or service. Bureaucracy is fought at all levels in the organization. Kamprad believes that simplicity and common sense should characterize planning and strategic direction (Bartlett et Al, 1993: 78). Bartlett C.A. Ghoshal S. (1993) Transnational Management. Irwin Publishers Boston Massachusetts Symbolic policies, such as only flying economy class and staying at economical hotels, employing young executives and sponsoring university programs have made cost part of corporate culture and have further inspired the influx of entrepreneurship into the organization. Despite his vast wealth it is reported he used to only drive an eleven-year-old modest Volvo. By 1951, furniture sales dominated his sales inventory and he decided to specialize exclusively in low priced furniture. The author recognises here that he is playing to his market strengths and again this is a further cornerstone of his subsequent success. In the same year, the first IKEA furniture catalogue was published. IKEA opened its first furniture showroom in 1953, which allowed customers to check the quality and use the items they were buying. The author recognises that any company that is prepared to allow customers to use its products before buying them will likely ensure that the quality of the product is if anything substantially above its utility specification. People also like to handle and view a potential product before purchase, which is part of the reason, that ecommerce will always take on limited success. Today IKEA is actually a privately held company owned by Stichting INGKA Foundation, a non-profit registered in Leiden in the Netherlands that is controlled by the Kamprads three sons. The Dutch foundation is worth US$36 billion in 2006. IKEA Group with its headquarters in Denmark, is a multinational operator of a chain of stores for home furnishing and furniture. It is the worlds largest furniture retailer with a reputation for low cost, style and design. IKEAs annual home furnishing sales are 20 billion euros with more than 260 IKEA Group stores in 25 countries (Ohlsson, 2010). IKEA has about 40 distribution centres worldwide in 16 different countries, and implemented the automated Astro warehouse management system in 2005 (2005) in 15 of their Distribution Centres (DC) and Customer Distribution Centres (CDC). IKEA has approximately 1,220 suppliers from 55 different countries split more or less evenly between Europe and Asia, the top five of which are China 20%, Poland 18%, Italy 8%, Germany 6% and Sweden 5%. The company holds 3.5m stock keep units, with 10000 different product types amongst them, 10% of which are new every year. It is also a major global employer with 125000 employees in 40 different countries. Human resources The companys ethos was quite Christian in its values-their philosophy was to treat others as one would like to be treated oneself and their belief is akin to that shown by Japanese companies to their workers today that is to increase commitment and hence productivity from staff, one has to provide them with the belief of belonging to the company. For instance, all design teams enjoy complete autonomy in their work, but are expected to design new appealing products regularly. Ikeas employment philosophy is widely welcomed in the USA where historically moral amongst staff and working conditions and benefits are poor in the retail sector. This accounted for the fact that the sector had one of the highest turnover rates of all industries. Consequently, it also suffers from high human resource (HR) costs, as companies have to recruit and train replacements at frequent intervals. Definition: Management Information Systems (MIS) is the term given to the discipline focused on the integration of computer systems with the aims and objectives on an organisation. Information systems can be broadly divided into operational level for transaction processing, knowledge level for knowledge and office management, management level for decision and intelligent support and strategic level for executive support. The information systems support an information value chain for both business process-supply chain, enterprise, customer and knowledge management and management activities-planning, co-ordinating, controlling and modelling. Ultimately all the systems process data and provide feedback and for executive support for decision making planning, monitoring and implementation of strategy and the general workforce. Definition of an organisation -a stable formal structure that takes resources from the environment and processes them to produce outputs. An organisation can be said to be a formal structure with a standard operating procedure, politics and culture. Environmental factors affect their outputs -these maybe resources, government, competitors, financial, institutional culture, technology. Impact of information systems is seen in terms of a microeconomic model, transaction cost model, agency theory and behavioral theory. sociotechnical systems, redefining boundaries, recognising work flows, flattening, electronic market. Diagram Organisation Information technology mediating factors -environment culture structure standard procedures politics management decisions chance Information systems Information systems relate to the way in which Ikea is organized, its management and its technical layout. Information systems do not just consist of information technology (IT) and information transfer systems-the technical requirements should act as an adjunct to the business strategies of the enterprise rather than being a hostage to its fortune. Often business strategy requires the execution of complex processes of control and automation and the ability to quickly analyze and react to relevant data, not in an uncontrolled firefighting or reactive manner but with anticipation and forward planning based on likely demand and external changes in the business environment. Diagram showing interdependence between Business strategy, software, hardware, data management, telecommunications Organisational framework The problem is that in complex business organizations SBUs tend to design their information management needs according to their best interests rather than to the interest of the enterprise as a whole. This is termed the silo affect. To survive in an every more competitive environment, management must be strong enough to ensure that their strategy is implemented in the execution of cross-functional business processes and that information can be managed and shared across spatial, functional, geographic and segmental boundaries. Stakeholders interests e.g.are often ignored at the expense of damaging other parts of the supply chain, and the chain weakens. This maybe for several reasons, particularly because corporations are often intimidated by the thought of sharing competitive information with their suppliers. Their information security facilities often prohibits suppliers from gaining advantage by withholding from them key information e.g. manufacturing processes can benefit from effi cient production through accessing a real-time demand system. Companies therefore face a dilemma-do they share information to the extent that it allows their potential competitors access to their market information or do they with-hold information and become less competitive. In the end and on balance, a closeted attitude becomes self-defeating and exposes them to the risk of a more aggressive competitor. Ikea does not actually manufacture products, however it plays a very large design and innovative role in their production. By outsourcing manufacturing they can retain a competitive advantage -if one company fails to provide product as specified they will find another company that can and they do not suffer from set-up costs and ultimately ROI costs. One can immediately see the main problems relating to information management for IKEA. None more so than with a company whose strategy demands supply from a worldwide network and delivery to a worldwide customer base. One can easily understand that where there is a disparate group of suppliers, co-ordination between various supplier and DC is critical. A range of kitchen products e.g.may be produced by different manufacturers who have different supply times, manufacturing ability, geographical location, delivery times etc. On one hand one does not want idle inventory stock as this costs money, on the other one wants to ensure a constant supply which can meet fluctuations in demand-otherwise customers will become frustrated and will purchase elsewhere. In addition customer demand may vary between geographical location e.g. a country maybe has mainly city based stores where there would naturally be higher demand e.g. for space saving furniture which may be manufacturered in a country r ound the other side of the world. Ikea faces huge logistical problems, particularly as their ethos is to supply medium range quality product at low price. Supply planning is key to this strategy. One needs in this situation to forecast across the whole company and to organise its distribution centres into groups and hold one lot of a float of stock for a number of DCs. The capacity and geographical location of the CDCs become crucial to the companies strategic planning. Clearly a high capacity geographically distant CDC or a low capacity near CDC have redundancy issues because of the volume of product they hold and there impact on delivery time. Technology At operation level, Astro WMS (Group, 2010) is a modular WMS that IKEA adopted in 2010 and increases and improves efficiency in their distribution centre. Astro simplifies and streamlines the work process to provide total control of warehouse management with full tractability, accuracy, and on-line planning. In order to optimise capacity, handling equipment and storage spaces must be fully utilized. Astro is an automated warehouse management system that allows for ordering fulfilment automatically so reducing manual cost with automated re-ordering purchase orders being sent to suppliers when stock levels are low. Fully automatic double-aisle cranes from LTW Doppelmayr operate without any manual input as if robots have taken over the world leaving man redundant. In IKEA DC in New Jersey USA is running Astro WMS at full capacity with 175 warehouse employees. Ed Morris, Operations Manager at the site comments, We have seen that we are already back to picking 4,500 customer order lines per day and able to ship 34 trailers to the stores by the end of week one. I am confident that we will be exceeding our previous daily expectations in the very near future. Through the partnership we have built with the Consafe team, I am sure that both sides will take things away from this project and use them in the future. I really believe that this cutover was a success for both IKEA and Consafe. There will be space for 70.000 pallets in the 2 conventional modules and 100.000 pallets in the high-rack system. The warehouse capacity will be 270.000 pallets and therefore the largest IKEA Distribution Centre in the world. Taking a product to market involves many steps and information management is crucial to the products success. Ikea often designs and develops products from their inception to market. In order to do this they work from CAD drawings and have prototype machines model real products from their design drawings. But product manufacturing is more involved than just prototype production and testing. One must consider material source and process cost with the manufacturer as well as packaging development. IKEA is famous for its flat packs that were designed not just to fit into the customers car easily, but are mainly designed to maximize use of space during transport and warehousing so reducing costs storage and handling costs to a minimum. (Economist, 1994: 101). IKEA realized early on that space is often redundant during storage or transportation, yet costs money regardless of whether it is utilized or not. Hence the idea of a flat pack where storage and transport demand can be anticipated easily and utilized efficiently. In addition products have to market researched and tested and there has to be careful consideration in rollout, forecasting and financials. Neglecting one of these areas can cause immense damage to the company as a whole e.g. if a product reaches the shelf which is faulty may damage the brand of the company e.g. if the manufacturing process is too costly to set up it can place borrowing costs and liquidity capital under significant strain. The product must also be indexed, catalogued, labeled and displayed correctly. All of these represent part of the supply process, all of them require huge information analysis and appropriate information transfer. Order planning is therefore crucial to their operation and differences between expected demand and supply will affect their bottom line. In 2005 realising that these issues were becoming critical, the company decided to use an SAP based demand-planning tool solution with Manugistics and their goal was to reduce inventory levels in distribution centres by at least 10%. In its deployment the software must be able to identify critical resources such as people, equipment, storage, suppliers, finances, and be able to forecast with reasonable accuracy supply and demand fluctuations. Diagram-Forecast, stock, orders, material resource planning, requisition, quality, invoice, payment, structure of DC, CDC manufacturers. Production manager and finance officer. Management issues In modern corporate culture constant improvement has become a leading concept, and the technology has to keep up. Therefore the system needs to be flexible and adaptive, i.e. they need to be able to adapt changes in the flow. The limits of this flexibility are set at an early stage, by the choice of system and provider/supplier. As the company has such a vast range of stock there is also a tendency to be production-oriented, rather than customer focused which has made its supply chain more push than pull which naturally creates a supply-demand imbalance. The Supply Chain Council is an independent group of international supply chain industry executives and experts who developed the Supply Chain Operations Reference (SCOR) Model over a ten-year period using in-depth industry research and analysis. The models however are often based on forecasts and on theories, which are exact in them selves, but whose results maybe incorrect. The reason is that they require great quantities of data that are hard to gather and have to be estimated and calculations often have to be carried out for entire batches. One such example is the Wilson formula. The Wilson Formula The Wilson formula is a traditional method for determining production quantity where the total consumption during a period of time is known. The formula assumes that the only costs entailed are a warehousing cost per stock keeping unit and a one-time cost every time an order is placed, known as administrative re-ordering costs. The formula tries to find an optimal balance between the two costs to minimize the total cost, which is known as the economic order quantity (EOQ). In order for the Wilson formula to work, a number of conditions have to be met: Demand is constant and continuous The lead time for receiving ordered goods is constant Administrative re-ordering costs and warehousing costs are constant The order quantity does not need to be expressed as an integer The entire order quantity is delivered to the warehouse on the same occasion No shortages allowed The price/cost is independent of time requirements and ordered quantity Goods handling is ignored which is often a considerable cost e.g. the value of the article is often not proportional to the handling cost of the good. The administrative re-ordering cost is hard to determine. Price and demand also varies over time making judgement obsolete. Management by Objectives Ikea uses Opportunity Analyzer, which makes use of the Supply Chain Operations Reference (SCOR) Model. Best practices and key performance indicators are embedded in Opportunity Analyzer Management. Opportunity Analyzer recognizes important key performance indicators (KPIs) e.g. delivery performance. While MIS systems are extremely useful in generating statistical reports and data analysis they can also be of use as a Management by Objectives (MBO) tool. MBO is a management process by which managers and subordinates agree upon a series of objectives for the subordinate to attempt to achieve within a set time frame. Objectives are set using the SMART ratio: that is, objectives should be Specific, Measurable, Agreed, Realistic and Time-Specific. The success of any MBO objective depends upon the continuous tracking of progress. In tracking this performance it can be extremely useful to make use of an MIS system. Since all SMART objectives are by definition measurable they can be tracked through the generation of management reports to be analysed by decision-makers. http://www.supply-chain.org/resources/scormark/tutorial SCOR considers management processes and planning. Ikea has such a large range of products that one has to be able to benchmark supply chains against products in order to best assess the most profitable items. SCOR takes product and cross references them individually against customer sub-type then groups similar supply chain characteristics. It then applies performance matrices-those of agility, responsiveness, cost, assets and reliability and scores each group of supply chains accordingly creating a ranking of supply chains. The advantages are obvious in that the more efficient supply chains can be more heavily relied upon, to create profit, the weaker ones losing out from future reliance. However, the disadvantage is that supply chains may cut across market segments and unifying groups by supply chain efficiency rather than by market segment may destroy market uniformity. The executive team can select a relevant KPI for the particular target area. Today, companies connect into networks or chains, increasing the flow rate throughout the supply chain to satisfy an ever more demanding customer. Increased power is given over to the vendor to keep stock at the desired level. http://www.jda.com/company/display-collateral.html?did=636dcid=1 The demand supply chain software must also be able to provide key metrics in areas where demand exceeds supply and available capacity. This will improve order fill rates and network utilization and will free working capital tied to ineffective inventory. However, understanding the supply demand chain in its practical execution is not all that is required. The product, must also align with its financial evaluation in an integrated business plan. It must be able to identify any performance concerns and gaps at the lowest practical level across the strategic/business plans. The software must become a forecasting tool and be able to perform a what if scenario for management to make best estimate prediction on future capacity demands. It must be able to relate assumptions, risks and opportunities to specific hierarchy levels in the SOP plan. These are decision support systems. Like all good army strategy there must be a backup plan when all goes wrong with practical and well-worked altern atives e.g. its no good having a back up generator if its not properly serviced regularly. The information tool must also be able to track changes over time and carry out real-time review analysis of supply and highlight areas where inventory positions violate pre-defined tolerances. It must also be able to highlight critical resource constraints related to material, labor and other capacity variables. Clearly there is a position that optimizes resources, distribution, transportation, stock inventory, production and materials. http://www.allbusiness.com/company-activities-management/operations-supply/10574219-1.html Recommendations IKEA is undoubtedly a highly successful global firm. Like all firms they must ensure competitive advantage. In information transfer terms they have problems relating to the fact that their suppliers are multiple and demand can vary. It may be better for them to consider horizontal back integration and begin to act as suppliers to ensure consistant information flow-from factory to customer. They will undoubtedly sometime soon saturate their market and further market expansion may not be possible. They must look toward expansion elsewhere either by parallel related market considerations e.g. home or commercial furnishing design or by backward horizontal integration. Both would be ideal targets for integrated information design providing the company with synergistic information value and ultimately increasing their information value chain.

The Hero Essay -- essays research papers

The Hero A hero is not just the title of an action-packed kung-fu flick with subtitles. A hero these days has many meanings; depending on the time and reason that person is called a hero. According to Webster’s Ninth New Collegiate Dictionary, the definition becomes very broad. It starts as being â€Å"a mythological or legendary figure often of divine descent endowed with great strength or ability† and becomes â€Å"a man admired for his achievements and noble qualities.† The last definition listed is probably the most modern of the many, being â€Å"an object of extreme admiration and devotion.† These definitions are in the same order as listed in the dictionary, but also seem to be chronologically listed as well, because overtime the meaning of the word hero adjust it’s self to the people using it. Thus, the definition of a hero changes parallel to the evolution of society, religion, and politics, in order to placate the desires of the people involved.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  If we look back, over a thousand years ago before Christianity became the omnipotent religion of the West, we hear of stories of heroes being passed down orally from generation to generation. In â€Å"Beowulf† we have this invincible brute tearing the limbs off of hideous friend Grendel, all in the name of fame and glory. A few hundred years later, when â€Å"Sir Gawain and the Green Knight† was jotted down, we still have people being dismembered, but our character traits have changed a little. Sir Gawain is not the c...

Ghana Institute of Management and Public Administration

GHANA INSTITUTE OF MANAGEMENT AND PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION (GIMPA) MBA (PROJECT MANAGEMENT OPTION) GMBA 799 STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT STUDENT NAME: EMMANUEL SESSOU STUDENT ID NUMBER: MBAE 10040217 Question: Write a short note on the Balanced Scorecard Balanced Scorecard  Basics The balanced scorecard is a  strategic planning and management system  that is used extensively in business and industry, government, and nonprofit organizations worldwide to align business activities to the vision and strategy of the organization, improve internal and external communications, and monitor organization performance against strategic goals.It was originated by Drs. Robert Kaplan (Harvard Business School) and David Norton as a performance measurement framework that added strategic non-financial performance measures to traditional financial metrics to give managers and executives a more ‘balanced' view of organizational performance. The balanced scorecard has evolved from its early use as a sim ple performance measurement framework to a full  strategic planning and management system. â€Å"The balanced scorecard retains traditional financial measures.But financial measures tell the story of past events, an adequate story for industrial age companies for which investments in long-term capabilities and customer relationships were not critical for success. These financial measures are inadequate, however, for guiding and evaluating the journey that information age companies must make to create future value through investment in customers, suppliers, employees, processes, technology, and innovation. The balanced scorecard suggests that we view the organization from four perspectives, and to develop metrics, collect data and analyze it relative to each of these perspectives: The Learning & Growth Perspective, The Business Process Perspective, The Customer Perspective and The Financial Perspective The Learning & Growth Perspective This perspective includes employee training a nd corporate cultural attitudes related to both individual and corporate self-improvement. In a knowledge-worker organization, people — the only repository of knowledge — are the main resource.In the current climate of rapid technological change, it is becoming necessary for knowledge workers to be in a continuous learning mode. Metrics can be put into place to guide managers in focusing training funds where they can help the most. In any case, learning and growth constitute the essential foundation for success of any knowledge-worker organization. The Business Process Perspective This perspective refers to internal business processes. Metrics based on this perspective allow the managers to know how well their business is running, and whether its products and services conform to customer requirements (the mission).These metrics have to be carefully designed by those who know these processes most intimately; with our unique missions these are not something that can be d eveloped by outside consultants. The Customer Perspective Recent management philosophy has shown an increasing realization of the importance of customer focus and customer satisfaction in any business. These are leading indicators: if customers are not satisfied, they will eventually find other suppliers that will meet their needs. Poor performance from this perspective is thus a leading indicator of future decline, even though the current financial picture may look good.In developing metrics for satisfaction, customers should be analyzed in terms of kinds of customers and the kinds of processes for which we are providing a product or service to those customer groups. The Financial Perspective Kaplan and Norton do not disregard the traditional need for financial data. Timely and accurate funding data will always be a priority, and managers will do whatever necessary to provide it. In fact, often there is more than enough handling and processing of financial data.With the implementat ion of a corporate database, it is hoped that more of the processing can be centralized and automated. But the point is that the current emphasis on financials leads to the â€Å"unbalanced† situation with regard to other perspectives. There is perhaps a need to include additional financial-related data, such as risk assessment and cost-benefit data, in this category. Reference Robert S. Kaplan and David P. Norton, â€Å"Using the Balanced Scorecard as a Strategic Management System,† Harvard Business Review (January-February 1996): 76.

Reasons to Go to University - 722 Words

A research article called â€Å"Why go to University† from 2014 infers that going to a university can mean that there are many opportunities for students to thrive, as well as studying a course that they are interested in. However it seems that for some students aren’t really attending universities for the main sole purpose of it: interest in studying for a degree. In 2012, university tuition fees are shivering and this is a question many students and parents are asking. It’s essential to know that tuition fees are not paid right away. Tuition fee, loans and maintenance loans are available and they don’t need to be paid back until you are earning over a certain amount of money established by the Government. Funds or lack of them shouldn’t be an issue, for many students fail to recompense the amount of money borrowed within 30 years. A very important reason to go to university, that most students can agree with is gaining independence, but having support. It is a place of transition from a comforting world to a college institution, where a student can be independent in living and studying. Another reason for the more ambitious students is to gain more money in the future. There are a lot of students that come from a fortuneless family and tend to overcome their condition. An acceleration of this reaction begins, thus graduates progress to higher levels in companies and to correspondently higher salaries. In addition to that some students consider that going to university improvesShow MoreRelatedThe Motivation For Why People Go At University801 Words   |  4 Pagesthat Levy discusses is the motivation for why people go to university. Levy identifies three main reasons for students to attend university. The first reason is vocational. What this means is that students go to university because they have recognised that gaining a higher education and furthering their studies will provide them with a wider range of career opportunities. The second reason is scholastic. This means that students go to university for personal enrichment and for a love of learning,Read MoreWhy Studying Abroad Is So Popular818 Words   |  4 Pagesto attend schools or universities outside their home countries. Why do some students study abroad? Use specific reasons and detail to explain your answer. Today, studying of students is not limitable in their country which is extended in most countries of the world, so students can change knowledge and even go to the various part of the world to study. Thus, many students choose to attend schools or universities outside their home countries. There are three some reasons why some students studyRead MoreImportance Of Necessary Education1061 Words   |  5 PagesPeople mainly get enrolled in a college or university to achieve the necessary education and degree they require to get a job or to build a career. Having a good career is one of the main reasons people spend their time in colleges or universities but there are other reasons as well. The current society and its educational structures are far different than they had been a century back when a self-educated person could gain a good career and parents could arrange private tutors to ensure their children’sRead MoreWhat Do They Do When They Graduate?903 Words   |  4 Pages they want to do when they graduate? If they decide to go to college what do they want to major in? As well as what college do they want to go to? Many even have to decide on junior college verse a university and how can they benefit from either one. Many students think about going to a junior college just to start off their college career. As well as getting their basic courses out the way, while saving money. And other never think they would ever go to a junior college because of the myths. There areRead MoreUniversity Education Should Be Free For Students With 3.0 Grade Point Average Or Higher998 Words   |  4 Pagesstudents that are struggling to pay for a university education and lately a university education is getting more and more expensive each year. There are many students who graduate high school but don’t receive a university education because they can’t afford one. Most of those students are really smart and can go somewhere in life, but they end up working for a minimum wage because a university education is just too much for them. For that reason, a university education should be free for all studentsRead MoreProcess Of Family And General Practitioner1471 Words   |  6 Pagestable of the top programs for medicine and the top 3 schools in the United States. Even though Duke is not one of the top three my grandfather wants me to go because he loves the team duke and he wanted to go to duke but he wasn’t able to go. The reason why h e wasn’t able to go because he didn’t have enough savings and even though he wanted to go there he wasn’t the sharpest pitchfork in the barn if you know what I mean. To get into college you have to reach a certain grade point average or alsoRead MoreA Career in Mechanical Engineering Essay993 Words   |  4 Pagesfor this research paper. The reason why I choose this career is because I am very interested in prototyping, designing, and building machines and other types of tools that we use in our daily lives. Mechanical engineers make people’s lives better and easier. I find this interesting inspires me to become one of them. This is why I choose this profession for my research paper. I will be going over five topics for this paper. These topics are: 1. High school and university requirements 2. What is theRead MoreThe Cost Of A University872 Words   |  4 Pagesand ,to some the most important, the cost of the university. The cost of a university can play one of the biggest deciding factors in furthering your educations. Many students don’t have hundreds of thousands of dollars and there are many poor people in this world who want to attend college and earn a degree to support themselves and their family and be able to live a more comfortable life. Everyone should have should have the opportunity to go to college. Every year, college prices are increasingRead MoreShould College Be Successful?853 Words   |  4 Pagesfield that I was interested in. Why did I decide to go to college? I decided to go to college for many reasons; therefore, I wanted to become successful, have an education, and I wanted to make sure that in the future I had a degree in a field that I really liked. I wanted to attend college as soon as I graduated from high school. Now the decision of where I wanted to go was the tough part. At first I thought I wanted to go to a four year university, but I then thought of some of the things that IRead MoreEssay on Education and Virginia’s Woolf’s A Room of One’s Own1060 Words   |  5 Pagesshare of it to endow more chairs, more lectureships, more fellowships in the university where they had learnt their craft† (754). This is a quote from Virginia’s Woolf’s essay, â€Å"A Room of One’s Own†. Here she is making a point about universities and the funding that they received from men that had gone to school there. Woolf’s essay takes place during the early nineteen hundreds when most women did not attend a university. There was great inequality of those who attended school because men had control